{"id":105446,"date":"2022-04-19T08:00:59","date_gmt":"2022-04-19T06:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/domy-3d-alternatywa-w-budownictwie\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T11:09:22","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T09:09:22","slug":"3d-domy-alternativa-ve-stavebnictvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/3d-domy-alternativa-ve-stavebnictvi\/","title":{"rendered":"3D domy – alternativa ve stavebnictv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> 3<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t
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Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne 3D ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 domy, mnoz\u00ed z n\u00e1s si p\u0159edstav\u00ed miniaturn\u00ed modely budov, kter\u00e9 se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v architektu\u0159e a urbanismu. A\u010dkoli tv\u016frci prvn\u00edch 3D tisk\u00e1ren<\/a> (zde stoj\u00ed za p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed slavn\u00fd projekt RepRap) pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nem\u011bli n\u00e1pad polo\u017eit z\u00e1klady automatizovan\u00e9 v\u00fdstavby, nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee se kreativn\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i i v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed rozhodli vyu\u017e\u00edt stejnou my\u0161lenku. Je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee jejich experiment byl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd <\/span>a na sv\u011bt\u011b rostou jako houby po de\u0161ti dal\u0161\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed stavby vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 ob\u0159\u00edmi 3D tisk\u00e1rnami<\/b> s principem fungov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 toto\u017en\u00fdm s t\u00edm, kter\u00fd zn\u00e1me ze stoln\u00edch tisk\u00e1ren <\/span>Creality<\/a>, <\/span>Prusa<\/a> nebo <\/span>Zortrax<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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D\u016fm ve 3D aneb n\u011bkolik slov o konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u00faprav\u011b metody FFF<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Pro tisk velk\u00fdch budov pot\u0159ebujete je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tisk\u00e1rnu.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Z\u0159ejmou modifikac\u00ed klasick\u00e9 metody FFF\/FDM, kter\u00e1 je nezbytn\u00e1 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie ve stavebnictv\u00ed, je zm\u011bna materi\u00e1lu a zp\u016fsobu vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b>. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b aditivn\u011b ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch dom\u016f ji\u017e nem\u00e1me co do \u010din\u011bn\u00ed s c\u00edvkou filamentu a extrud\u00e9rem typu Bowden nebo p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm extrud\u00e9rem, ale se speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pumpou, kter\u00e1 je schopn\u00e1 \u010derpat odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem p\u0159ipravenou sm\u011bs na b\u00e1zi betonu. Je samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9,<\/span> \u017ee tato varianta popul\u00e1rn\u00ed tiskov\u00e9 techniky nevy\u017eaduje zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tiskov\u00e9 hlavy na vysok\u00e9 teploty, proto\u017ee extrudovan\u00fd materi\u00e1l je ji\u017e s\u00e1m o sob\u011b v polotekut\u00e9 form\u011b.<\/b>. Samostatn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem jsou mechanick\u00e9 konstrukce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k pohybu “tiskov\u00e9 hlavy”. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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N\u011bkter\u00e9 stavebn\u00ed 3D tisk\u00e1rny<\/a> jsou zalo\u017eeny na pohybliv\u00e9 port\u00e1lov\u00e9 konstrukci, v n\u00ed\u017e se obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00fd r\u00e1m (bez spodn\u00edho p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edku) pohybuje pod\u00e9l jedn\u00e9 osy (nap\u0159. X) na dvou paraleln\u00edch je\u0159\u00e1bech, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch na obou stran\u00e1ch p\u016fdorysu staveni\u0161t\u011b, s pojezdem ve druh\u00e9 vodorovn\u00e9 ose. (Y) a vertik\u00e1ln\u011b (Z) ji\u017e prob\u00edh\u00e1 na vod\u00edtk\u00e1ch upevn\u011bn\u00fdch v horn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech stroje. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b (zhruba) soust\u0159edn\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed je v\u0161ak ide\u00e1ln\u00ed oto\u010dn\u00e9 teleskopick\u00e9 rameno s line\u00e1rn\u00edm v\u00fdlo\u017en\u00edkem, na jeho\u017e konci je um\u00edst\u011bna tiskov\u00e1 hlava – takov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se ji\u017e objevilo v nab\u00eddce jedn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed tisk\u00e1rny pro stavebnictv\u00ed<\/b>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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A co s estetikou?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/p>

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 je ot\u00e1zka estetiky st\u011bn a men\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f 3D ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch dom\u016f. P\u0159i pohledu na existuj\u00edc\u00ed realizace lze snadno zjistit, \u017ee v naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f se architekti nesna\u017e\u00ed zakr\u00fdt vrstevnatou strukturu st\u011bn s viditeln\u00fdmi v\u00fd\u010dn\u011blky<\/b> vytvo\u0159en\u00fdmi jednotliv\u00fdmi pr\u016fchody tiskov\u00e9 hlavy. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Prvn\u00ed pln\u011b funk\u010dn\u00ed 3D budova v Dubaji.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Nam\u00edsto maskov\u00e1n\u00ed nerovnost\u00ed <\/span>design\u00e9\u0159i hrd\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tohoto pon\u011bkud neobvykl\u00e9ho vzhledu povrchu v konstrukci a dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00fdm stavb\u00e1m jedine\u010dn\u00fd charakter.<\/b>. Viditeln\u00e9 vrstvy nav\u00edc dob\u0159e koresponduj\u00ed s estetikou modernistick\u00fdch n\u00e1vrh\u016f, a to jak v exteri\u00e9ru, tak v interi\u00e9ru budov. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nic nebr\u00e1n\u00ed tomu, aby se st\u011bny nat\u0159ely barvou vhodn\u00e9 barvy \u2013 \u010dastou volbou je b\u00edl\u00e1 barva, kter\u00e1 pon\u011bkud zm\u00edr\u0148uje surov\u00fd charakter \u010dist\u00e9ho betonu a dod\u00e1v\u00e1 interi\u00e9ru p\u0159\u00edjemnou sv\u011btlost a prostornost.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro v\u00fdstavbu dom\u016f pomoc\u00ed technologie 3D tisku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm aspektem 3D<\/a> ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch budov je siln\u00e1 flexibilita p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bhu st\u011bn<\/b> – proto se mnoh\u00e9 stavby vyzna\u010duj\u00ed k\u0159ivkami p\u0159evzat\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edmo z modernistick\u00e9 \u00e9ry a plynul\u00fdmi p\u0159echody mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi st\u011bnami, kter\u00e9 – v kombinaci s charakteristickou dynamikou horizont\u00e1ln\u00edch vrstev betonu – umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed experiment\u00e1ln\u00edm nebo (st\u00e1le v\u00edce) funk\u010dn\u00edm budov\u00e1m odli\u0161it se od sv\u00fdch konven\u010dn\u00edch ekvivalent\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Za zm\u00ednku tak\u00e9 stoj\u00ed, \u017ee 3D “vyti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd” d\u016fm ve skute\u010dnosti t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy <\/span>je kombinac\u00ed tisku a klasick\u00fdch stavebn\u00edch technik<\/b>a to je d\u00e1no vlastnostmi p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstkov\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu. Stejn\u011b jako u stoln\u00edch a podlahov\u00fdch (pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch) 3D tisk\u00e1ren jsou i zde probl\u00e9mem vodorovn\u00e9 plochy – stropy. Proto <\/span>v\u011bt\u0161ina ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch dom\u016f m\u00e1 jednopodla\u017en\u00ed konstrukci.<\/b> (jednopodla\u017en\u00ed), v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b dvoupodla\u017en\u00ed (jedno podla\u017e\u00ed plus p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e st\u0159echa je \u010dasto vytvo\u0159ena p\u0159ekryt\u00edm klasick\u00e9ho krovu s typickou st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed krytinou na v\u011bnci budovy. <\/span> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mo\u017enost tisku slo\u017eit\u00fdch st\u011bn p\u0159edstavuje pr\u016flom ve stavebnictv\u00ed<\/b>, proto\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje \u010das, v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady i po\u010det pracovn\u00edk\u016f pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch k dohledu nad procesem tisku a nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed stavebn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu. To umo\u017e\u0148uje realizovat rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 projekty v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dase, o \u010dem\u017e jsme ji\u017e m\u011bli mo\u017enost ps\u00e1t na na\u0161em blogu. Pokud v\u00e1s toto t\u00e9ma zaujalo, doporu\u010dujeme v\u00e1m si \u010dl\u00e1nek <\/a> p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Technologie 3D tisku se ji\u017e d\u00e1vno dostala do odv\u011btv\u00ed, jako je medic\u00edna, leteck\u00fd nebo kosmick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, ale st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji se hovo\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 o jej\u00edch aplikac\u00edch ve stavebnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":62777,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[559],"tags":[667,658],"class_list":["post-105446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3d-tisk","tag-ciekawostki-cs","tag-technologia-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n3D domy - alternativa ve stavebnictv\u00ed - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"3D tisk dom\u016f se stal realitou - zjist\u011bte v\u00edce o v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch a omezen\u00edch t\u00e9to inovativn\u00ed technologie.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/3d-domy-alternativa-ve-stavebnictvi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"3D domy - 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