{"id":65182,"date":"2023-07-05T06:58:51","date_gmt":"2023-07-05T04:58:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/grawerowanie-laserowe-co-to-jest\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T11:09:39","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T09:09:39","slug":"laserove-gravirovani-co-to-je","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/laserove-gravirovani-co-to-je\/","title":{"rendered":"Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed – co to je?"},"content":{"rendered":"\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> 6<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t
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Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed je vedle \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed a fr\u00e9zov\u00e1n\u00ed jednou z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch technik zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed – pr\u016fvodce<\/h2>\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek popisuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy laserov\u00fdch grav\u00edrovac\u00edch stroj\u016f. Zahrnuty jsou i plasty vhodn\u00e9 pro laserov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Co je laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Laserov\u00e1 technologie byla vyvinuta v 60. letech. XX stolet\u00ed. Term\u00edn “laser”<\/strong> je zkratka pro Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (zes\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u011btla stimulovanou emis\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong>). Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, laser je prost\u011b vysoce soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9, zes\u00edlen\u00e9 sv\u011btlo<\/strong> a laserov\u00fd paprsek zp\u016fsobuje lok\u00e1ln\u00ed spalov\u00e1n\u00ed, taven\u00ed nebo odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Laserov\u00e1 \u0159eza\u010dka<\/strong> je po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd stroj, kter\u00fd pomoc\u00ed laserov\u00e9ho paprsku p\u0159esn\u011b \u0159e\u017ee nebo grav\u00edruje materi\u00e1l. Typ materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd lze \u0159ezat, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu laseru a v\u00fdkonu konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho stroje.<\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy laserov\u00fdch \u0159eza\u010dek – obl\u00edben\u00e9 jsou zejm\u00e9na plynov\u00e9 a CO2 laserov\u00e9 \u0159eza\u010dky<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed hobbyist\u00e9 a mal\u00e9 firmy. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed typy pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad sv\u011btlovodn\u00e9 nebo krystalov\u00e9 lasery<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch. Laserov\u00e9 \u0159eza\u010dky CO2 mohou \u0159ezat a grav\u00edrovat \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu nekovov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je d\u0159evo, pap\u00edr, akryl, textil a k\u016f\u017ee.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak funguje laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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V laserov\u00fdch \u0159ezac\u00edch stroj\u00edch CO2<\/span> je laserov\u00fd paprsek vytv\u00e1\u0159en v trubici napln\u011bn\u00e9 plynem CO2<\/span> (oxidem uhli\u010dit\u00fdm). Pomoc\u00ed zrcadel a \u010do\u010dek se paprsek nasm\u011bruje na laserovou hlavu a zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed se na povrch zpracov\u00e1van\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu. Elektronicky \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 motory pohybuj\u00ed laserovou hlavou tak, aby \u0159ezala nebo grav\u00edrovala po\u017eadovan\u00fd tvar do materi\u00e1lu obrobku. Tvar je definov\u00e1n vstupn\u00edm souborem, kter\u00fdm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vektorov\u00fd nebo rastrov\u00fd obraz. P\u0159i z\u00e1sahu laseru do materi\u00e1lu se v extr\u00e9mn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dase zah\u0159eje velmi mal\u00e1 oblast, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed roztaven\u00ed, sp\u00e1len\u00ed nebo odpa\u0159en\u00ed materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

\u0158ez\u00e1n\u00ed laserem<\/h3>\n

Kdy\u017e laserov\u00fd paprsek projde cel\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem obrobku, vytvo\u0159\u00ed \u0159ez. \u0158ez\u00e1n\u00ed laserem je obecn\u011b velmi p\u0159esn\u00e9 a \u010dist\u00e9, i kdy\u017e vzhled \u0159ezan\u00fdch hran z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zpracov\u00e1van\u00e9m materi\u00e1lu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad hrany \u0159ezan\u00e9ho d\u0159eva jsou mnohem tmav\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed d\u0159evo, zat\u00edmco hrany akrylu nem\u011bn\u00ed barvu a maj\u00ed p\u011bkn\u00fd leskl\u00fd povrch. Mezera vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 laserovou fr\u00e9zou je velmi mal\u00e1, jej\u00ed velikost se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na materi\u00e1lu a z\u00e1vis\u00ed tak\u00e9 na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm nastaven\u00ed laseru. U mnoha materi\u00e1l\u016f se pr\u016fm\u011br mezery pohybuje mezi 0,05 mm (0,002\u2033) a 0,5 mm (0,02\u2033).<\/p>\n

Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed je zalo\u017eeno na tom, \u017ee laserov\u00fd paprsek odstra\u0148uje \u010d\u00e1sti vrchn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, ale nepro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1 jej.<\/p>\n

Ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed laserem<\/h3>\n

Zna\u010den\u00ed je, kdy\u017e laser neodstra\u0148uje materi\u00e1l, ale nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u011bn\u00ed jeho barvu. Zna\u010den\u00ed laserov\u00fdmi \u0159eza\u010dkami CO2<\/span> se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s kovy a k\u016f\u017e\u00ed. Na povrch obrobku se nanese speci\u00e1ln\u00ed zna\u010dkovac\u00ed roztok a po jeho zaschnut\u00ed se provede grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed. Teplo z laseru nav\u00e1\u017ee roztok na kov a vytvo\u0159\u00ed na n\u011bm trvalou stopu.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly lze zpracov\u00e1vat laserem?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Laserov\u00e9 stroje CO2 jsou schopny \u0159ezat a grav\u00edrovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed tlou\u0161\u0165ka obrobku z\u00e1vis\u00ed na v\u00fdkonu a specifikaci pou\u017eit\u00e9ho stroje. Typick\u00e9 v\u00fdkony se pohybuj\u00ed od 30 W do 120 W<\/strong> – lasery s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi v\u00fdkony se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch s velk\u00fdm objemem v\u00fdroby. Mezi materi\u00e1ly vhodn\u00e9 pro laserov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed: p\u0159ekli\u017eka, balsa, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 desky MDF, karton, korek, pap\u00edr, k\u016f\u017ee, polypropylen, polyethylen, \u017eula, sklo, keramika, hlin\u00edk, nerezov\u00e1 ocel a tak\u00e9 akryl.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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U kter\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f by se nem\u011blo prov\u00e1d\u011bt laserov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Existuj\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 by se laserem nikdy nem\u011bly zpracov\u00e1vat, proto\u017ee p\u0159i tom vznikaj\u00ed toxick\u00e9 plyny nebo prach, kter\u00e9 mohou po\u0161kodit i stroj<\/strong>. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b:<\/p>\n

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  • um\u011bl\u00e1 k\u016f\u017ee s obsahem chromu (VI);<\/li>\n
  • uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna (uhl\u00edk);<\/li>\n
  • polyvinylchlorid (PVC);<\/li>\n
  • polyvinylbutyral (PVB);<\/li>\n
  • Teflon (PTFE);<\/li>\n
  • oxid berylnat\u00fd;<\/li>\n
  • jak\u00fdkoli materi\u00e1l obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed halogeny (fluor, chlor, brom, j\u00f3d a astat);<\/li>\n
  • epoxidov\u00e9 nebo fenolov\u00e9 prysky\u0159ice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    N\u00e1vrhov\u00fd software a podporovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpony digit\u00e1ln\u00edch soubor\u016f pro laserov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    V\u011bt\u0161ina laserov\u00fdch \u0159eza\u010dek CO2 pracuje velmi podobn\u011b jako b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 inkoustov\u00e1 tisk\u00e1rna. Laserov\u00e1 \u0159eza\u010dka je dod\u00e1v\u00e1na se specifick\u00fdmi ovlada\u010di<\/strong> – ty p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed obraz z po\u010d\u00edta\u010de do form\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd stroj dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst. P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s laserov\u00fdmi \u0159eza\u010dkami je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zn\u00e1t rozd\u00edl mezi vektorov\u00fdmi a rastrov\u00fdmi obr\u00e1zky<\/strong>. Oba typy grafick\u00fdch soubor\u016f lze zpracov\u00e1vat, ale obr\u00e1zy<\/strong> rastrov\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze pro grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> a ne pro \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed. Rastrov\u00e9 obr\u00e1zy<\/strong> jsou zalo\u017eeny na pixelech, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z mnoha mal\u00fdch \u010dtvere\u010dk\u016f, zat\u00edmco vektorov\u00fd obr\u00e1z<\/strong> uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161echny \u010d\u00e1ry a barvy jako matematick\u00e9 vzorce. Vektorov\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky lze zv\u011bt\u0161ovat bez ztr\u00e1ty kvality, zat\u00edmco rastrov\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky se p\u0159i ur\u010dit\u00e9m zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed za\u010dnou “pixelovat”.<\/p>\n

    Mezi podporovan\u00e9 form\u00e1ty vektorov\u00e9 grafiky pat\u0159\u00ed: PDF, DXF, EPS, SVG, DWG, CDR a AI<\/strong> a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rastrov\u00e9 grafiky soubory JPG, PNG a GIF<\/strong>. Pokud v\u0161ak jde o software pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1vrh\u016f pro n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 laserov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, lze ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f pou\u017e\u00edt software pro dvourozm\u011brn\u00e9 navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed (nap\u0159. Inkscape, CorelDRAW, Adobe Illustrator, AutoCAD) i software pro trojrozm\u011brn\u00e9 navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed (nap\u0159. TinkerCAD, Fusion 360, SolidWorks nebo SketchUp). V z\u00e1vislosti na podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch v\u00fdrobce m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt software placen\u00fd nebo bezplatn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Nejd\u0159\u00edve je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit velikost materi\u00e1lu<\/strong>, kter\u00fd laserov\u00e9 l\u016f\u017eko pojme. To ur\u010duje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed velikost projektu, proto se vyplat\u00ed nastavit pracovn\u00ed plochu na tento rozm\u011br. Re\u017eim barev by m\u011bl b\u00fdt nastaven na RGB<\/strong>. Pro ozna\u010den\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch proces\u016f se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 barvy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dervenou barvu lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro v\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0159ezy a \u010dernou pro grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho souboru pro laserov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Jak ji\u017e bylo vysv\u011btleno d\u0159\u00edve, b\u011bhem \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed laser vys\u00edl\u00e1 spojit\u00fd paprsek ve sm\u011bru \u0159ezan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu. K tomu laserov\u00fd stroj pot\u0159ebuje vektorovou cestu<\/strong> jako vstupn\u00ed soubor.<\/p>\n

    Laser bude \u0159ezat<\/strong> pouze vektorovou grafiku s nejmen\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enou tlou\u0161\u0165kou \u010d\u00e1ry<\/strong> (to z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pou\u017eit\u00e9m softwaru). V\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed grafick\u00e9 prvky, jako jsou pln\u00e9 tvary nebo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ry, nebudou \u0159ez\u00e1ny. P\u0159i vyst\u0159ihov\u00e1n\u00ed textu nebo jin\u00fdch slo\u017eit\u00fdch tvar\u016f je t\u0159eba po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee nespojen\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti – nap\u0159\u00edklad vnit\u0159ek p\u00edsmene “O” – budou vypad\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

    V z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadovan\u00e9m designu tomu lze zabr\u00e1nit – nap\u0159\u00edklad pro text m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt \u0161ablonov\u00e9 p\u00edsmo, ve kter\u00e9m jsou v\u0161echny vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti p\u00edsmen spojeny s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u010d\u00e1stmi. P\u0159i grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed laserem lze rozli\u0161ovat mezi vektorov\u00fdm a rastrov\u00fdm grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong>. Vektorov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> je v podstat\u011b stejn\u00e9 jako \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, jedin\u00fd rozd\u00edl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee p\u0159i grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed je v\u00fdkon ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, tak\u017ee laser pouze odstra\u0148uje \u010d\u00e1sti materi\u00e1lu a ne\u0159e\u017ee ho. Pro rastrov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vstupn\u00edm souborem vektorov\u00fd soubor nebo rastrov\u00fd obr\u00e1zek. P\u0159i rastrov\u00e9m grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed je obraz grav\u00edrov\u00e1n laserem \u0159\u00e1dek po \u0159\u00e1dku, pixel po pixelu. Proces je podobn\u00fd zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm inkoustov\u00e1 tisk\u00e1rna nan\u00e1\u0161\u00ed inkoust, obdobn\u011b je materi\u00e1l odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n laserov\u00fdm paprskem. Grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed funguje dob\u0159e s jednoduch\u00fdmi tvary i slo\u017eit\u00fdmi obrazy a fotografie mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pro grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159evedeny do \u0161k\u00e1ly \u0161edi.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Obsluha vybaven\u00ed laserov\u00e9ho stroje<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Jakmile m\u00e1te n\u00e1vrh hotov\u00fd, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na \u0159adu posledn\u00ed krok – \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed laserem<\/strong>. Laserov\u00e9 \u0159ezac\u00ed stroje jsou velmi v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 stroje. Lze z nich vytvo\u0159it \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 v\u011bci, ale jsou tak\u00e9 potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Proto si p\u0159ed pou\u017eit\u00edm laserov\u00e9 \u0159eza\u010dky v\u017edy p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte a pochopte v\u0161echny p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00e9 pokyny a dodr\u017eujte bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pravidla. Krom\u011b toho je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee vlnov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka CO2 laseru je v infra\u010derven\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho spektra, tak\u017ee je pro lidsk\u00e9 oko neviditeln\u00e1. \u010cerven\u00e1 te\u010dka, kterou vid\u00edte na povrchu materi\u00e1lu, je pouze pom\u016fcka pro polohov\u00e1n\u00ed, nikoli laserov\u00fd paprsek, kter\u00fd skute\u010dn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed \u0159ez.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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    P\u0159\u00edprava pracovn\u00edho prostoru pro laserov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Nejprve je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zkontrolovat, zda se zpracov\u00e1van\u00fd materi\u00e1l vejde do pracovn\u00edho prostoru laserov\u00e9 \u0159eza\u010dky (v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby je t\u0159eba jej o\u0159\u00edznout na m\u00edru). M\u011bli byste tak\u00e9 prov\u00e9st n\u011bkolik zku\u0161ebn\u00edch \u0159ez\u016f nebo rytin a m\u00edt po ruce trochu n\u00e1hradn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu. Z dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f budou jist\u011b u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • n\u016f\u017e na tapety<\/strong> – k \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 nebyly laserovou \u0159eza\u010dkou zcela roz\u0159ez\u00e1ny, nebo k \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edru a lepenky na po\u017eadovan\u00fd rozm\u011br;<\/li>\n
    • mal\u00ed\u0159skou p\u00e1sku nebo jinou maskovac\u00ed p\u00e1sku<\/strong> – pro maskov\u00e1n\u00ed povrchu materi\u00e1lu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vzniku pop\u00e1lenin;<\/li>\n
    • line\u00e1rn\u00ed metr nebo posuvn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko<\/strong> – k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se, \u017ee kone\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty maj\u00ed spr\u00e1vnou velikost.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Parametry laserov\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      \u010cty\u0159i nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nastaven\u00ed laserov\u00e9 \u0159eza\u010dky jsou v\u00fdkon, rychlost, frekvence a vzd\u00e1lenost zaost\u0159en\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • V\u00fdkon<\/span> – ur\u010duje v\u00fdstupn\u00ed v\u00fdkon laseru. Obvykle jej lze nastavit v rozsahu 0 a\u017e 100 % (maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon). Vysok\u00fd v\u00fdkon se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed tenk\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je pap\u00edr.<\/li>\n
      • Rychlost<\/span> – ur\u010duje rychlost pohybu laserov\u00e9 hlavy. Pro grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed tenk\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu se obvykle nastavuj\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky.<\/li>\n
      • Frekvence<\/span> (Hz, PPI) – parametr frekvence ur\u010duje po\u010det laserov\u00fdch pulz\u016f za sekundu. Nastaviteln\u00e1 frekvence z\u00e1vis\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b na zpracov\u00e1van\u00e9m materi\u00e1lu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u0159evo se nejl\u00e9pe \u0159e\u017ee p\u0159i frekvenci p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 500-1000 Hz, zat\u00edmco akryl se \u0159e\u017ee mezi 5000 a 20000 Hz.<\/li>\n
      • Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed<\/span> – uvnit\u0159 laserov\u00e9 hlavy je zaost\u0159ovac\u00ed \u010do\u010dka. Ohnisko (m\u00edsto, kde je laserov\u00fd paprsek nejten\u010d\u00ed) by se ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b aplikac\u00ed m\u011blo nach\u00e1zet na povrchu materi\u00e1lu nebo m\u00edrn\u011b pod n\u00edm. K tomu je nutn\u00e9, aby byl materi\u00e1l v ur\u010dit\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od \u010do\u010dky. P\u0159esn\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu pou\u017eit\u00e9 zaost\u0159ovac\u00ed \u010do\u010dky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed - z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        Mnoho laserov\u00fdch \u0159eza\u010dek m\u00e1 motorizovan\u00fd pracovn\u00ed st\u016fl<\/strong>, kter\u00fd lze posouvat nahoru a dol\u016f a nastavovat tak vzd\u00e1lenost zaost\u0159en\u00ed. Alternativn\u00ed polohu povrchu materi\u00e1lu je t\u0159eba nastavit ru\u010dn\u011b. Se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi znalostmi dostupn\u00fdch nastaven\u00ed nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 parametry pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed vlastn\u00edch n\u00e1vrh\u016f. Dobr\u00fdm v\u00fdchoz\u00edm bodem je pe\u010dliv\u011b si p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst p\u0159\u00edru\u010dku<\/strong> v\u00fdrobce laserov\u00e9 \u0159eza\u010dky<\/strong>, kde \u010dasto najdete doporu\u010den\u00e1 nastaven\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. Pokud pracujete na sd\u00edlen\u00e9m laseru v oblasti vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, jsou obvykle k dispozici seznamy doporu\u010den\u00fdch nastaven\u00ed. Vyplat\u00ed se prov\u00e9st prvn\u00ed zku\u0161ebn\u00ed \u0159ezy, abyste zjistili ide\u00e1ln\u00ed nastaven\u00ed pro zpracov\u00e1van\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee k dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku bude t\u0159eba n\u011bkolika pokus\u016f. P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm testem by se m\u011bl m\u011bnit v\u017edy pouze jeden parametr. Za\u010dn\u011bte nap\u0159\u00edklad s v\u00fdkonem a testujte r\u016fzn\u00e9 hodnoty v kroc\u00edch po 5-10 %. Pokud dos\u00e1hnete spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku, vyplat\u00ed se ulo\u017eit nastaven\u00ed procesu grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed pro budouc\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Vedle \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed a fr\u00e9zov\u00e1n\u00ed je jednou z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch technik zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":64869,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[549,557],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kompendium-cs","category-zajimavosti"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLaserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed - co to je? - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed je velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 a v\u0161estrann\u00e1 technika zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu - zjist\u011bte jej\u00ed podrobnosti od z\u00e1kladu!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/laserove-gravirovani-co-to-je\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Laserov\u00e9 grav\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed - co to je? 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