{"id":66868,"date":"2023-03-13T06:37:45","date_gmt":"2023-03-13T05:37:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/plytka-pcb-co-to-jest\/"},"modified":"2023-07-31T14:33:31","modified_gmt":"2023-07-31T12:33:31","slug":"deska-pcb-co-to-je","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/deska-pcb-co-to-je\/","title":{"rendered":"Deska PCB – co to je?"},"content":{"rendered":"\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> 3<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t
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DPS jsou velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v ka\u017ed\u00e9m elektronick\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Zjist\u011bte, co p\u0159esn\u011b jsou desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, jak funguj\u00ed a jak se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v modern\u00ed elektronice. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Co je deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f?<\/h2><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Zkratka PCB poch\u00e1z\u00ed z angli\u010dtiny a znamen\u00e1 Printed Circuit Board<\/em>, neboli jednodu\u0161e deska s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji. Jedn\u00e1 se o desky vyroben\u00e9 z izola\u010dn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f s p\u00e1jec\u00edmi poli zvan\u00fdmi podlo\u017eky a elektrick\u00fdmi spoji ozna\u010dovan\u00fdmi jako stopy. DPS umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed snadn\u00e9 osazov\u00e1n\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed obvod\u016f, tak\u017ee se mohou st\u00e1t z\u00e1kladem r\u016fzn\u00fdch modul\u016f v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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V obchod\u011b Botland je k dispozici \u0161irok\u00fd sortiment desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPOD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Typy PCB<\/h2><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Desky s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji lze rozd\u011blit podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed. Li\u0161\u00ed se mimo jin\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem, po\u010dtem vrstev, tlou\u0161\u0165kou a tuhost\u00ed, maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm proudov\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm nebo technologi\u00ed osazov\u00e1n\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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V\u00fdrobn\u00ed materi\u00e1l – z \u010deho jsou vyrobeny desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f?<\/h3>\n

Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlastnost\u00ed materi\u00e1lu pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho k v\u00fdrob\u011b desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f je dobr\u00e1 izolace – ta zabra\u0148uje vzniku ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch elektrick\u00fdch spoj\u016f mezi sou\u010d\u00e1stkami. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f lamin\u00e1t\u016f, jako jsou kompozitn\u00ed (CEM1, CEM3), fenolicko-pap\u00edrov\u00e9 (FR-2, FR-3), sklo-epoxidov\u00e9 (FR-4) nebo sklo-teflonov\u00e9 (PTFE). Velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou vlastnost\u00ed desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f je tak\u00e9 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed provozn\u00ed teplota, kter\u00e1 se v z\u00e1vislosti na materi\u00e1lu m\u016f\u017ee pohybovat od p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 \u00b0C do v\u00edce ne\u017e 130 \u00b0C. Krom\u011b toho se do ka\u017ed\u00e9ho typu lamin\u00e1tu p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euj\u00ed riziko vzn\u00edcen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Tlou\u0161\u0165ka a tuhost<\/h3>\n

DPS se li\u0161\u00ed tlou\u0161\u0165kou a tuhost\u00ed. Rozli\u0161uj\u00ed se hrub\u00e9 desky (s pr\u016f\u0159ezem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e 1,5 mm), tenk\u00e9 desky (men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,5 mm) a desky typu film (men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,2 mm). Krom\u011b toho mohou b\u00fdt desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f jednovrstv\u00e9, dvouvrstv\u00e9 a v\u00edcevrstv\u00e9, co\u017e ovliv\u0148uje jejich vlastnosti a mo\u017enosti pou\u017eit\u00ed. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Proudov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm parametrem je tak\u00e9 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed proudov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na tlou\u0161\u0165ce m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 vrstvy na povrchu, z n\u00ed\u017e jsou vytvo\u0159eny cesty spojuj\u00edc\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky. Standardn\u011b se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s tlou\u0161\u0165kou vrstvy m\u011bdi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od 15 \u03bcm do v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 \u03bcm. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Technologie mont\u00e1\u017ee elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek<\/h3>\n

Desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f lze p\u0159izp\u016fsobit pro mont\u00e1\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1stek vyroben\u00fdch bu\u010f technologi\u00ed pr\u016fchoz\u00edch otvor\u016f (THT, Through-Hole Technology<\/em>), nebo technologi\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ee (SMD, Surface-Mounted Devices<\/em>). V prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jsou v\u00fdvody elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek provle\u010deny otvory vyvrtan\u00fdmi v desce a p\u0159ip\u00e1jeny na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b. Technologie povrchov\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ee naproti tomu p\u0159ipojuje sou\u010d\u00e1stky k p\u00e1jec\u00edm pol\u00edm na stejn\u00e9 stran\u011b desky. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f?<\/h2><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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K chemick\u00e9mu o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed desek se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed leptadla.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPOD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed z v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch desek izola\u010dn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00e9 se opracuj\u00ed do spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho tvaru a tlou\u0161\u0165ky a pot\u00e9 se pokryj\u00ed vrstvou m\u011bdi. V dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi se na desku nanese speci\u00e1ln\u00ed barva, kter\u00e1 zn\u00e1zorn\u00ed stopy, je\u017e se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na hotov\u00e9m v\u00fdrobku. Pot\u00e9 se deska chemicky o\u0161et\u0159\u00ed, aby se odstranily nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 vrstvy (krom\u011b po\u017eadovan\u00fdch drah) a aby se dos\u00e1hlo elektrick\u00e9ho spojen\u00ed pouze na pl\u00e1novan\u00fdch drah\u00e1ch – tento proces se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 lept\u00e1n\u00ed. Nakonec se na desce p\u0159iprav\u00ed p\u00e1jec\u00ed pole umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed mont\u00e1\u017e elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek a provede se laminace, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo po\u0161kozen\u00ed v\u00fdrobku p\u0159i p\u0159eprav\u011b a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Vytvo\u0159te si vlastn\u00ed desku s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji<\/h3>\n

Desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se obvykle vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u011b ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed, ale elektronici \u010dasto vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed i jednotliv\u00e9 kusy ur\u010den\u00e9 pro individu\u00e1ln\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 projekty – s pou\u017eit\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00edch desek, barev a leptadel dostupn\u00fdch v obchodech s elektronikou. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159izp\u016fsobit parametry desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f pot\u0159eb\u00e1m konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch projekt\u016f, proto\u017ee rozlo\u017een\u00ed vodi\u010d\u016f a stop lze napl\u00e1novat v t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 libovoln\u00e9 konfiguraci. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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R\u016fzn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f<\/h2><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 i hobby elektronice. Ve velk\u00e9m rozsahu se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 jako z\u00e1klad pro tvorbu r\u016fzn\u00fdch modul\u016f v p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve spot\u0159ebn\u00ed elektronice a drobn\u00e9 elektronice, a tak\u00e9 v \u0159\u00eddic\u00edch syst\u00e9mech elektrick\u00fdch stroj\u016f, instalac\u00ed a vozidel. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b jednotliv\u00e9 kopie individu\u00e1ln\u011b navr\u017een\u00fdch a vyleptan\u00fdch desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed elektronici jako sou\u010d\u00e1st projekt\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad robot\u016f nebo vlastnoru\u010dn\u011b sestaven\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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DPS umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et slo\u017eit\u00e9 elektronick\u00e9 obvody.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdroba desky umo\u017e\u0148uje pln\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobit jej\u00ed parametry po\u017eadavk\u016fm dan\u00e9ho projektu, co\u017e m\u00e1 pozitivn\u00ed dopad na jej\u00ed funk\u010dnost a umo\u017e\u0148uje zmen\u0161it jej\u00ed velikost.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PCB p\u0159esn\u011bji DPS – desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, jsou velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v ka\u017ed\u00e9m elektronick\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Zjist\u011bte, co p\u0159esn\u011b jsou desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, jak funguj\u00ed a jak se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v modern\u00ed elektronice. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":63468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[548,549],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-elektronika-cs","category-kompendium-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDeska PCB - co to je? - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f jsou \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v elektronice. 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