{"id":68056,"date":"2023-08-17T06:00:06","date_gmt":"2023-08-17T04:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/raspberry-pi-wszystko-co-chcialbys-wiedziec\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T11:08:32","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T09:08:32","slug":"raspberry-pi-vse-co-chteli-byste-vedet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/raspberry-pi-vse-co-chteli-byste-vedet\/","title":{"rendered":"Raspberry Pi – v\u0161e, co cht\u011bli byste v\u011bd\u011bt"},"content":{"rendered":"\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> 3<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t
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Minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010de Raspberry Pi zaznamenaly na trhu s elektronikou neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch a zp\u016fsobily skute\u010dnou revoluci v p\u0159\u00edstupu k modern\u00edm vestavn\u00fdm syst\u00e9m\u016fm.<\/em><\/p>\n

Nad\u0161enci technologick\u00fdch novinek v oblasti spot\u0159ebn\u00ed elektroniky<\/strong> si r\u00e1di po\u0159izuj\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 modely smartphon\u016f nebo tablet\u016f, jejich\u017e v\u0161estrannost je d\u00e1na dostupnost\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9ho softwaru – bezplatn\u00e9 nebo levn\u00e9 mobiln\u00ed aplikace poskytuj\u00ed neoceniteln\u00e9 slu\u017eby v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, pr\u00e1ci nebo z\u00e1bav\u011b. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mobiln\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z hlediska hardwaru je v\u0161ak omezeno dostupnost\u00ed rozhran\u00ed a bezdr\u00e1tov\u00fdch spoj\u016f – krom\u011b gadget\u016f p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch p\u0159es Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, USB nebo mini jack maj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 pom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e1lo mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it funkce sv\u00e9ho smartphonu nebo tabletu. Proto se tolik lid\u00ed st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji obrac\u00ed na jednodeskov\u00e9 minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/strong><\/a>, kter\u00e9 otev\u00edraj\u00ed pole p\u016fsobnosti nov\u00fdm technologick\u00fdm maniak\u016fm.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jednodeskov\u00fd minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010d - co to je?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Jednodeskov\u00fd<\/a> minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010d<\/strong> (SBC – Single Board Computer) je propracovan\u00fd a technologicky vysp\u011bl\u00fd elektronick\u00fd modul, kter\u00fd pln\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejnou funkci jako klasick\u00fd stoln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d<\/strong>, ale – jak n\u00e1zev napov\u00edd\u00e1 – je sestaven ve form\u011b jedin\u00e9 desky s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji (PCB)<\/strong>. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nemluv\u00edme o perifern\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch – monitoru, my\u0161i<\/a> nebo kl\u00e1vesnici<\/a><\/strong> – ale o v\u0161ech z\u00e1kladn\u00edch komponent\u00e1ch<\/strong>, tj. z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desce, procesoru, grafick\u00e9 kart\u011b, opera\u010dn\u00ed pam\u011bti a dokonce i pevn\u00e9m disku. <\/strong> <\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b SBC se jedn\u00e1 o vysoce integrovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/span>, v n\u011bm\u017e roli pevn\u00e9ho disku obvykle zast\u00e1v\u00e1 jednotka karta microSD. <\/span><\/a>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b SBC se jedn\u00e1 o vysoce integrovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kde roli pevn\u00e9ho disku pln\u00ed karta microSD, zat\u00edmco procesor, grafick\u00e1 karta a v\u011bt\u0161ina pomocn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b \u0159adi\u010d\u016f USB a Ethernet) je integrov\u00e1ny obvod (SoC)<\/span> do jedin\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu na \u010dipu (ang. System-on-Chip).
<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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M\u00edsto<\/span> s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty<\/strong> se na palubu minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f montuj\u00ed<\/span> miniaturn\u00ed moduly Wi-Fi\/Bluetooth (BLE)<\/strong>,kter\u00e9 \u010dasto podporuj\u00ed nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verze t\u011bchto protokol\u016f. Krom\u011b mal\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f a n\u00edzk\u00e9 spot\u0159eby energie (kolem des\u00edtky watt\u016f) maj\u00ed minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010de SBC tak\u00e9 atraktivn\u00ed cenu, velmi slu\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed v\u00fdkon, mo\u017enost pr\u00e1ce s monitory nebo projektory s vysok\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm a rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00ed mo\u017enosti. Nav\u00edc dal\u0161\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed konektory umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edch elektronick\u00fdch modul\u016f, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed nap\u0159. <\/span>rel\u00e9, sn\u00edma\u010de, \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotky motor\u016f nebo roz\u0161i\u0159ova\u010de veden\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Technick\u00e9 specifikace nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de Raspberry Pi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Premi\u00e9ra \u0159ady Raspberry Pi<\/strong><\/a> na trhu prob\u011bhla v \u00fanoru 2012 (tedy p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e deseti lety) a od t\u00e9 doby si “malina”, jak miniaturn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d s oblibou naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed jeho \u010detn\u00ed fanou\u0161ci, z\u00edskala p\u0159\u00edze\u0148 tis\u00edc\u016f dal\u0161\u00edch elektronik\u016f, program\u00e1tor\u016f, v\u00fdrobc\u016f a dokonce i v\u011bdc\u016f.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed verze po\u010d\u00edta\u010de Raspberry Pi (tzv. Model B)<\/span> m\u00e1 velikost kreditn\u00ed karty, ale i p\u0159es tak kompaktn\u00ed rozm\u011bry se v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edm s Raspberry Pi Foundation poda\u0159ilo na jedinou desku s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji vm\u011bstnat skute\u010dn\u011b rozs\u00e1hlou hardwarovou v\u00fdbavu. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u010dtvrt\u00e1 generace<\/span> vlajkov\u00e9 Raspberry m\u00e1 vestav\u011bnou Pam\u011b\u0165 RAM 2, 4 nebo dokonce 8 GB<\/span> (!), \u010dty\u0159j\u00e1dro, 1,5 gigahertzov\u00fd procesor BCM2711<\/span> s 64bitovou architekturou ARM-8 Cortex-A72, d\u00e1le a\u017e dva v\u00fdstupy HDMI<\/span> (z d\u016fvodu velikosti jsou k dispozici prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm konektor\u016f typu microHDMI), dva porty USB 3.0,<\/span> dal\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b star\u0161\u00ed generace USB 2.0<\/span> a vysokorychlostn\u00ed rozhran\u00ed Gigabit Ethernet<\/span>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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K nap\u00e1jen\u00ed sta\u010d\u00ed nab\u00edje\u010dka s v\u00fdstupem USB C<\/strong> o jmenovit\u00e9m proudu 3A p\u0159i 5 V, zat\u00edmco balen\u00ed dopl\u0148uje modul Wi-Fi Dual Band 2,4 GHz a 5 GHz<\/strong> (802.11 b\/g\/n\/ac) + Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5 a dva konektory<\/strong> pro modul kamery<\/strong> (CSI) a LCD displej<\/strong> (DSI). Minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010d se m\u016f\u017ee propojit s extern\u00ed elektronikou prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm 40pinov\u00e9ho konektoru GPIO<\/strong>, co\u017e znalej\u0161\u00edm u\u017eivatel\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed mo\u017enosti p\u0159ipojen\u00edm obvod\u016f ovl\u00e1dan\u00fdch prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jednoduch\u00fdch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch linek nebo rozhran\u00ed UART, SPI nebo I2C.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Raspberry Pi - kultovn\u00ed minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kter\u00fd zm\u011bnil sv\u011bt<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Popularita Raspberry Pi<\/strong><\/a> v\u0161ak nen\u00ed zp\u016fsobena pouze jeho vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi technick\u00fdmi parametry a<\/strong> mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b atraktivn\u00ed cenou<\/strong>. Zna\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdznam m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 kompatibilita softwaru a hardwaru<\/strong>. Prvn\u00ed z nich je zp\u016fsoben dostupnost\u00ed hotov\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f – nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed je ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m ur\u010den\u00fd pro Raspberry Pi, d\u0159\u00edve zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Raspbian<\/strong>a ned\u00e1vno Raspberry Pi OS<\/strong>a\u010dkoli mnoho lid\u00ed se rozhodne nainstalovat vhodn\u011b “upravenou” verzi syst\u00e9mu. Ubuntu<\/strong> nebo OSMC<\/strong> (speci\u00e1ln\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1bavn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f medi\u00e1ln\u00edch center).<\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc byly pro Raspberry vyvinuty tis\u00edce z\u00e1suvn\u00fdch modul\u016f, kter\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed mo\u017enosti minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010de o funkce pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong> (nap\u0159. osv\u011btlen\u00ed LED nebo za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddav\u00fdm proudem 230 V AC), m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch parametr\u016f<\/strong> (teplota, vlhkost, osv\u011btlen\u00ed, vzd\u00e1lenost, tlak nebo intenzita sv\u011btla) a tak\u00e9 ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pohon\u016f s n\u00edzkou spot\u0159ebou energie<\/strong> (krokov\u00e9 motory a DC). Tyto moduly – souhrnn\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako Raspberry Pi Hat<\/strong><\/a> – se p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed ke konektoru GPIO takzvan\u00fdm sendvi\u010dov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, tak\u017ee jeden minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010d m\u016f\u017ee \u010dasto pracovat s n\u011bkolika r\u016fzn\u00fdmi p\u0159ekryvn\u00fdmi moduly sou\u010dasn\u011b. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b Raspberry tak m\u016f\u017eete postavit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jak\u00fdkoli projekt – od jednoduch\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch robot\u016f<\/strong><\/a> a meteorologick\u00fdch stanic<\/strong><\/a> p\u0159es syst\u00e9my automatizace budov (nap\u0159. smart home<\/strong><\/a>) a\u017e po slo\u017eit\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro v\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010de Raspberry Pi zaznamenaly na trhu s elektronikou neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch a zp\u016fsobily skute\u010dnou revoluci v p\u0159\u00edstupu k modern\u00edm vestavn\u00fdm syst\u00e9m\u016fm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":67996,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[549,562],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kompendium-cs","category-raspberry-pi-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRaspberry Pi - v\u0161e, co cht\u011bli byste v\u011bd\u011bt - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sly\u0161eli jste o Raspberry Pi, ale nev\u00edte, jak\u00e9 mo\u017enosti nab\u00edz\u00ed? 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