{"id":75741,"date":"2024-01-08T14:00:14","date_gmt":"2024-01-08T13:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/akumulator-zelowy-co-to-jest-i-do-czego-sluzy\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T11:02:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T09:02:00","slug":"gelova-baterie-co-to-je-a-k-cemu-se-pouziva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/gelova-baterie-co-to-je-a-k-cemu-se-pouziva\/","title":{"rendered":"Gelov\u00e1 baterie – co to je a k \u010demu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1?"},"content":{"rendered":"\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> 3<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t
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Olov\u011bn\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory jsou jedn\u00edm z nejstar\u0161\u00edch elektrochemick\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si o jejich nov\u00e9 inkarnaci a o tom, jak se li\u0161\u00ed od bateri\u00ed AGM.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Trocha historie - jak a pro\u010d byly gelov\u00e9 baterie vyvinuty?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gelov\u00e9 baterie <\/strong><\/a>byly uvedeny na trh v 60. a 70. letech XX stolet\u00ed. Byly vyvinuty v reakci na pot\u0159ebu bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho a spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho olov\u011bn\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru<\/strong> ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi “mokr\u00fdmi” akumul\u00e1tory zalo\u017een\u00fdmi na kapaln\u00e9m elektrolytu ve form\u011b kyseliny s\u00edrov\u00e9<\/strong>. Toto klasick\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed bylo toti\u017e – navzdory n\u011bkter\u00fdm v\u00fdhod\u00e1m – pon\u011bkud t\u011b\u017ekop\u00e1dn\u00e9: elektrolyt se “vy\u010derpal” a vy\u017eadoval pravideln\u00e9 dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed uz\u00e1v\u011bru um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9ho v horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti krytu. P\u0159i jak\u00e9mkoli \u00faniku proto hrozilo riziko \u00faniku korozivn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto zp\u016fsobovaly zran\u011bn\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f a po\u0161kozen\u00ed povrchu nad bateri\u00ed p\u0159i poru\u0161e.<\/p>\n

Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo probl\u00e9m\u016fm s \u00fanikem kyseliny s\u00edrov\u00e9 mimo pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, bylo nutn\u00e9 baterii instalovat pouze v jedn\u00e9 “spr\u00e1vn\u00e9” poloze – mont\u00e1\u017e na bok nebo je\u0161t\u011b sp\u00ed\u0161e vzh\u016fru nohama absolutn\u011b nep\u0159ipadala v \u00favahu, co\u017e v n\u011bkter\u00fdch situac\u00edch v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezovalo praktickou vyu\u017eitelnost tohoto typu zdroje energie. Proto se gelov\u00e9 baterie<\/strong> Proto se gelov\u00e9 baterie uk\u00e1zaly jako obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b atraktivn\u00ed pro aplikace vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spolehlivost, zat\u00edmco jejich technologie (o t\u00e9 se zm\u00edn\u00edme za chv\u00edli) umo\u017enila – tak\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc “v procesu” – z\u00edskat \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b cenn\u00fdch v\u00fdhod: odolnost proti n\u00e1raz\u016fm nebo schopnost pracovat v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, zejm\u00e9na v \u0161irok\u00e9m rozsahu okoln\u00edch teplot. – \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b cenn\u00fdch v\u00fdhod: odolnost proti n\u00e1raz\u016fm nebo schopnost pracovat v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, zejm\u00e9na v \u0161irok\u00e9m rozsahu okoln\u00edch teplot.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Gelov\u00e1 baterie - konstrukce<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vnit\u0159n\u00ed konstrukce gelov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru<\/strong><\/a> se stejn\u011b jako u klasick\u00fdch olov\u011bn\u00fdch akumul\u00e1tor\u016f skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z \u0159ady paraleln\u00edch olov\u011bn\u00fdch desek<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed jako elektrody a jsou od sebe odd\u011bleny izola\u010dn\u00edmi odd\u011blova\u010di, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo n\u00e1hodn\u00e9mu zkratu sousedn\u00edch “ploch”.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edl v\u0161ak spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve struktu\u0159e elektrolytu<\/strong> – zat\u00edmco v klasick\u00fdch olov\u011bn\u00fdch akumul\u00e1torech se jednalo pouze o koncentrovanou kyselinu chlorovod\u00edkovou<\/strong>, v gelov\u00fdch akumul\u00e1torech je sm\u00edch\u00e1na s oxidem k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fdm<\/strong>, tak\u017ee celek tvo\u0159\u00ed hust\u00fd gel<\/strong>. T\u00edmto jednoduch\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem z\u00edskaly baterie schopnost pracovat v jak\u00e9koli poloze, a nav\u00edc mohou b\u00fdt vyr\u00e1b\u011bny v uzav\u0159en\u00fdch pouzdrech, co\u017e d\u00e1le chr\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159ek zdroje energie p\u0159ed vlivy prost\u0159ed\u00ed (i kdy\u017e nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je zde samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ochrana samotn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159ed \u00fanikem elektrolytu).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Gelov\u00e1 baterie 12V 7Ah Xtreme<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPOD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed gelov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru je podobn\u00fd jako u ostatn\u00edch olov\u011bn\u00fdch akumul\u00e1tor\u016f. P\u0159i vyb\u00edjen\u00ed baterie se s\u00edranov\u00e9 ionty spoj\u00ed s olov\u011bn\u00fdmi deskami a vytvo\u0159\u00ed s\u00edran olovnat\u00fd.<\/strong> P\u0159i vyb\u00edjen\u00ed baterie se tento proces obr\u00e1t\u00ed – s\u00edran olovnat\u00fd se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 a s\u00edranov\u00e9 ionty se “uvol\u0148uj\u00ed” do elektrolytu, co\u017e vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jeho hustoty. Z chemick\u00e9ho hlediska tedy nen\u00ed mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi typy olov\u011bn\u00fdch akumul\u00e1tor\u016f velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e gelov\u00e1 forma elektrolytu zabra\u0148uje probl\u00e9m\u016fm spojen\u00fdm s v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm \u00fanikem i odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm vody z objemu elektrolytu.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhody gelov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody gelov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed jsme ji\u017e zm\u00ednili – krom\u011b sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika vyte\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> a mo\u017enosti mont\u00e1\u017ee v libovoln\u00e9 poloze<\/strong> v\u0161ak tyto zdroje energie nab\u00edzej\u00ed mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch velmi \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm z nich je del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost<\/strong> ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi olov\u011bn\u00fdmi akumul\u00e1tory, m\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 po\u010dtem nab\u00edjec\u00edch a vyb\u00edjec\u00edch cykl\u016f p\u0159ed dosa\u017een\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00e9ho poklesu efektivn\u00ed kapacity. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, gelov\u00e9 baterie l\u00e9pe zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed intenzivn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i cyklick\u00e9m provozu, jako jsou nap\u00e1jec\u00ed syst\u00e9my pro invalidn\u00ed voz\u00edky, vysokozdvi\u017en\u00e9 voz\u00edky, golfov\u00e1 vozidla nebo lod\u011b.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Gelov\u00e9 baterie se tak\u00e9 hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v syst\u00e9mech obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie<\/strong>, nap\u0159. p\u0159i skladov\u00e1n\u00ed energie ve spolupr\u00e1ci s fotovoltaick\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi mimo s\u00ed\u0165. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v t\u011bchto aplikac\u00edch se projevuje v\u00fdznam dal\u0161\u00ed z v\u00fdhod t\u011bchto bateri\u00ed – mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed odolnost v\u016f\u010di hlubok\u00e9mu vybit\u00ed<\/strong> ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi typy olov\u011bn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. V pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch a automobilov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch je velkou v\u00fdhodou gelov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed tak\u00e9 jejich vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti n\u00e1raz\u016fm a vibrac\u00edm<\/strong>. Je t\u0159eba zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee gelov\u00e9 baterie vy\u017eaduj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed nab\u00edje\u010dky<\/strong> (nab\u00edje\u010dky s elektronickou ochranou) – zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek nab\u00edjen\u00ed zabra\u0148uje po\u0161kozen\u00ed, ke kter\u00e9mu by mohlo doj\u00edt, pokud by nebyly dostate\u010dn\u011b kontrolov\u00e1ny body vypnut\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch cel\u00e9ho procesu.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Gelov\u00e9 baterie vs. AGM<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u010cast\u00fdm omylem je ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech bez\u00fadr\u017ebov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed jako gelov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed. Do t\u00e9to skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed krom\u011b hrdin\u016f na\u0161eho \u010dl\u00e1nku tak\u00e9 tzv. baterie AGM<\/strong><\/a> (Absorbent Glass Mat), u nich\u017e je elektrolyt (rovn\u011b\u017e ve form\u011b kyseliny s\u00edrov\u00e9) udr\u017eov\u00e1n mezi olov\u011bn\u00fdmi deskami pomoc\u00ed roho\u017ee ze sklen\u011bn\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken.<\/strong>Tento materi\u00e1l funguje jako siln\u00e1 houba, kter\u00e1 absorbuje elektrolyt a umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed mezi elektrodami. Proto\u017ee v\u0161ak tato konstrukce eliminuje p\u0159\u00edtomnost voln\u00e9 kapaliny uvnit\u0159 baterie, riziko net\u011bsnost\u00ed a \u00faniku kyseliny se v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje. V\u00fdhodou bateri\u00ed AGM je n\u00edzk\u00fd vnit\u0159n\u00ed odpor<\/strong>, d\u00edky kter\u00e9mu jsou schopny zvl\u00e1dnout vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed okam\u017eit\u00e9 vyb\u00edjec\u00ed proudy (ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s gelov\u00fdmi bateriemi). Baterie AGM z\u00e1rove\u0148 l\u00e9pe zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed provoz<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad v syst\u00e9mech UPS pro serverovny, telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed infrastrukturu nebo syst\u00e9my nouzov\u00e9ho osv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zn\u00e1te v\u0161echny v\u00fdhody gelov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed? Zjist\u011bte v\u00edce o t\u011bchto \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch a bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch energie a o tom, jak se li\u0161\u00ed od klasick\u00fdch bateri\u00ed a bateri\u00ed AGM.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":74474,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,179],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-elektronika","category-kompendium"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGelov\u00e1 baterie - co to je a k \u010demu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1? - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Zn\u00e1te v\u0161echny v\u00fdhody gelov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed? 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