{"id":86076,"date":"2020-01-07T17:00:13","date_gmt":"2020-01-07T16:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/moc-podstawowe-wielkosci-fizyczne-podstawy\/"},"modified":"2024-08-19T15:14:23","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T13:14:23","slug":"vykon-zakladni-fyzikalni-veliciny-zaklady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/vykon-zakladni-fyzikalni-veliciny-zaklady\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdkon &#8211; Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010diny &#8211; Z\u00e1klady"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"86076\" class=\"elementor elementor-86076 elementor-2450\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-12c74720 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12c74720\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3146c5f5\" data-id=\"3146c5f5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad63ec6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ad63ec6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>V\u00fdkon je fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010dina, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje popsat pr\u00e1ci vykonanou za ur\u010ditou dobu. Je to jeden z parametr\u016f popisuj\u00edc\u00edch procesy a vlastnosti t\u011bles, kter\u00e9 souvisej\u00ed s pr\u016ftokem a p\u016fsoben\u00edm elektrick\u00e9ho proudu. Ve zbytku \u010dl\u00e1nku uv\u00e1d\u00edme dal\u0161\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00ed vzorce &#8211; fyzika jich m\u00e1 nep\u0159ebern\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed.  <\/b><\/p>\n<h2>Co je to v\u00fdkon?<\/h2>\n<p>Podle definice je v\u00fdkon <strong>skal\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010dina,<\/strong> kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje popsat mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce vykonan\u00e9 za ur\u010ditou \u010dasovou jednotku. M\u016f\u017ee popisovat mimo jin\u00e9 <strong>fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, kterou lze vykonat<\/strong> (mechanick\u00fd v\u00fdkon, nap\u0159. v\u00fdkon spalovac\u00edho motoru), <strong>rychlost, s jakou je energie vyza\u0159ov\u00e1na<\/strong> (nap\u0159. v\u00fdkon reproduktoru), nebo <strong>pr\u00e1ci vykonanou elektrickou energi\u00ed<\/strong> (nap\u0159. v\u00fdkon varn\u00e9 konvice). M\u016f\u017eeme tedy \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee <strong><em>v\u00fdkon je mno\u017estv\u00ed energie p\u0159enesen\u00e9 mezi syst\u00e9my v \u010dase<\/em><\/strong>.  <\/p>\n<h2>Jednotka v soustav\u011b SI<\/h2>\n<p>Jednotkou v\u00fdkonu v soustav\u011b SI je <strong>watt (W)<\/strong>. Jeden <strong>watt<\/strong> p\u0159edstavuje <strong>pr\u00e1ci v<\/strong> hodnot\u011b <strong>jednoho joulu vykonanou za jednu sekundu<\/strong> (tento \u00fadaj je odvozen ze vzorce pro v\u00fdkon, kde <strong>v\u00fdkon je pod\u00edl pr\u00e1ce a \u010dasu<\/strong>). Jednotka je pojmenov\u00e1na po Jamesi Wattovi.  <\/p>\n<h4>Kdo byl James Watt?<\/h4>\n<p><strong>James Watt<\/strong> se narodil v roce 1736 a zem\u0159el v roce 1819. Byl to britsk\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr a vyn\u00e1lezce, kter\u00fd se proslavil p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vylep\u0161en\u00edm konstrukce parn\u00edch stroj\u016f &#8211; d\u00edky t\u011bmto vylep\u0161en\u00edm tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed odstartovala pr\u016fmyslovou revoluci. Je mimo jin\u00e9 autorem dvoj\u010dinn\u00e9ho parn\u00edho stroje nebo troj\u010dinn\u00e9ho odst\u0159ediv\u00e9ho motoru a tak\u00e9 autorem jednotky v\u00fdkonu zn\u00e1m\u00e9 dnes jako <em>mechanick\u00fd k\u016f\u0148<\/em>. Jeho p\u0159\u00ednos byl ocen\u011bn vlastn\u00ed jednotkou SI &#8211; wattem.   <\/p>\n<h3>Nau\u010dte se <strong> vzorec pro s\u00edlu<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>S\u00edla je vektorov\u00e1 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010dina, kter\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed interakce mezi dan\u00fdmi t\u011blesy. Jej\u00ed vzorec je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: <\/p>\n<p><b>F = p \/ t<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>F &#8211; s\u00edla<\/li>\n<li>p &#8211; hybnost<\/li>\n<li>t &#8211; \u010das<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ostatn\u00ed pohonn\u00e9 jednotky<\/h2>\n<p>A\u010dkoli je watt nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jednotkou v\u00fdkonu, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se i jin\u00e9 jednotky mimo soustavu SI. Jak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed <strong>fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010diny<\/strong> se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k definici v\u00fdkonu? <\/p>\n<h4>Mechanick\u00fd k\u016f\u0148 (MKS)<\/h4>\n<p>Jednotkou v\u00fdkonu v syst\u00e9mu MKS je v\u00fdkon v kon\u00edch (hp). Tato jednotka se s oblibou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v automobilov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu k ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonu motor\u016f ve vozidlech. Jedna ko\u0148sk\u00e1 s\u00edla se rovn\u00e1 75 kilometr\u016fm za sekundu nebo p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 735,5 wattu.  <\/p>\n<h4>Erg za sekundu (CGS)<\/h4>\n<p>V CGS je jednotkou v\u00fdkonu erg za sekundu (erg\/s). Jeden erg za sekundu p\u0159edstavuje s\u00edlu jednoho dynu na dr\u00e1ze jednoho centimetru za sekundu. Jeden watt se rovn\u00e1 a\u017e deseti milion\u016fm erg\u016f za sekundu.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f95858f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f95858f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-19bfe15\" data-id=\"19bfe15\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9bd03f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c9bd03f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/uklady-scalone-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-56380\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/uklady-scalone-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/uklady-scalone-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/uklady-scalone.jpg 540w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed elektronika<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ab3857\" data-id=\"5ab3857\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1a7334 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c1a7334\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/klawiatury-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-56381\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/klawiatury-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/klawiatury-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/klawiatury.jpg 540w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Spot\u0159ebn\u00ed elektronika<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0da6183 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0da6183\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f49961e elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"f49961e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/12-elektronika\" target=\"_blank\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">POD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f3e34e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f3e34e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdkon jako tok energie<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdkon lze tak\u00e9 definovat jako <strong>rychlost toku energie mezi syst\u00e9my,<\/strong> tj. <strong>vyd\u00e1n\u00ed energie za jednotku \u010dasu<\/strong>. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o <strong>mechanickou<\/strong>, <strong>elektrickou<\/strong>, <strong>chemickou<\/strong> nebo <strong>tepelnou<\/strong> energii. \u010casto tak\u00e9 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b jednoho druhu energie na jin\u00fd &#8211; nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159iveden\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie na rezistor zp\u016fsob\u00ed jej\u00ed p\u0159em\u011bnu na tepelnou energii.  <\/p>\n<h2>Vzorec pro v\u00fdkon na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u00e1ce a \u010dasu<\/h2>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm vzorcem pro v\u00fdpo\u010det hodnoty v\u00fdkonu je pod\u00edl pr\u00e1ce a \u010dasu, tj. <strong><em>P = W \/ t<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Pr\u00e1ce &#8211; vzor<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Pr\u00e1ce definuje <strong>mno\u017estv\u00ed energie p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 mezi fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmi syst\u00e9my<\/strong>. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pr\u00e1ce vykonan\u00e9 elektrick\u00fdm proudem ve stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 soustav\u011b se jej\u00ed hodnota rovn\u00e1 sou\u010dinu nap\u011bt\u00ed zdroje elektrick\u00e9 energie, proudu prot\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010dem a doby pr\u016ftoku proudu (<strong><em>W = U x I x t<\/em><\/strong>). Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee joule (J) je <strong>jednotkou pr\u00e1ce<\/strong> je tak\u00e9 <strong>jednotkou energie<\/strong>. Je to proto, \u017ee mno\u017estv\u00ed vykonan\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce je stejn\u00e9 jako mno\u017estv\u00ed vykonan\u00e9 energie &#8211; alespo\u0148 v hypotetick\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, proto\u017ee ve skute\u010dnosti se \u010d\u00e1st energie rozpt\u00fdl\u00ed. Proto se jako<strong> jednotka energie<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 joule. Jak\u00fd je v\u0161ak obecn\u00fd <strong>vzorec pro pr\u00e1ci?<\/strong> Pokud je pohyb dan\u00e9ho t\u011blesa p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00fd a naopak vektor s\u00edly je konstantn\u00ed, pak je pr\u00e1ce t\u00e9to s\u00edly d\u00e1na vzorcem:     <\/p>\n<p><b>W = F x s<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>F &#8211; s\u00edla<\/li>\n<li>s &#8211; posunut\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Vzorec pro v\u00fdkon na z\u00e1klad\u011b nap\u011bt\u00ed a proudu<\/h2>\n<p>V elektronice (stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 obvody) se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vzorec pro v\u00fdkon jako sou\u010din nap\u011bt\u00ed a proudu:<\/p>\n<p><b>P = U x I<\/b><\/p>\n<h4>Nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/h4>\n<p>Elektrick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed ozna\u010duje <strong>rozd\u00edl potenci\u00e1l\u016f mezi dv\u011bma body v elektrick\u00e9m obvodu<\/strong>. Jednotkou nap\u011bt\u00ed v soustav\u011b SI je volt (V). <strong>Elektrick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong> mezi dv\u011bma body je jeden volt, pokud je k p\u0159enosu n\u00e1boje jednoho coulombu mezi ob\u011bma body zapot\u0159eb\u00ed pr\u00e1ce jednoho joulu. Lze tedy ur\u010dit vzorec <b>U = W \/ Q<\/b>.   <\/p>\n<h4>Intenzita<\/h4>\n<p>Intenzita elektrick\u00e9ho proudu je <strong>pom\u011br elektrick\u00e9ho n\u00e1boje prot\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00edho pr\u016f\u0159ezem vodi\u010de k dob\u011b pr\u016ftoku<\/strong>. Intenzitu tedy m\u016f\u017eeme vypo\u010d\u00edtat ze vzorce <b>I = Q \/ t<\/b>. Jednotkou elektrick\u00e9ho proudu v soustav\u011b SI je amp\u00e9r (A).  <\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdkon rezistoru<\/h2>\n<p>Rezistor (odpor) je prvek, kter\u00fd se velmi \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k <strong>omezen\u00ed velikosti elektrick\u00e9ho proudu tekouc\u00edho v obvodu<\/strong>. Rezistory nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou dal\u0161\u00ed funkci &#8211; jejich \u00fakolem je v\u00fdhradn\u011b p\u0159em\u011bnit elektrickou energii, kter\u00e1 k rezistoru doraz\u00ed, na energii tepelnou, a t\u00edm uv\u00e9st mno\u017estv\u00ed proudu v obvodu na po\u017eadovanou \u00farove\u0148. <\/p>\n<h3>Rezistence<\/h3>\n<p>Rezistance (elektrick\u00fd odpor, aktivn\u00ed elektrick\u00fd odpor) je fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010dina <strong>popisuj\u00edc\u00ed pom\u011br nap\u011bt\u00ed a proudu v obvodech stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9ho proudu<\/strong>. Jednotkou rezistance v soustav\u011b SI je ohm (\u03a9). Hodnotu elektrick\u00e9ho odporu m\u016f\u017eeme vypo\u010d\u00edtat, zn\u00e1me-li nap\u011bt\u00ed a proud v obvodu \u2013 k tomu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vzorec <b>R = U \/ I<\/b> (po \u00faprav\u011b <b>U = I x R<\/b>), co\u017e je takzvan\u00fd <em>Ohm\u016fv z\u00e1kon<\/em>.  <\/p>\n<h2>Vzorec pro v\u00fdpo\u010det v\u00fdkonu podle Ohmova z\u00e1kona<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdkon (energii pohlcenou odporem) ve stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9m elektrick\u00e9m obvodu m\u016f\u017eeme vypo\u010d\u00edtat na z\u00e1klad\u011b Ohmova z\u00e1kona, zn\u00e1me tedy pouze hodnotu odporu a elektrick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed nebo proud v obvodu. Po transformaci vzorce pro hodnotu odporu z\u00edsk\u00e1me dva vzorce, ze kter\u00fdch m\u016f\u017eeme vypo\u010d\u00edtat mno\u017estv\u00ed energie pohlcen\u00e9 odporem: <strong><b>P = I2 x R<\/b> <\/strong>a<b> P = U2 \/ R<\/b>. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f9b27f2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f9b27f2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a6b516\" data-id=\"2a6b516\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac11ee8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ac11ee8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/rezystor.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-56379\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/rezystor.jpg 540w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/rezystor-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/rezystor-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Rezistory<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-316a016e elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"316a016e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/50-rezistory-odporniky\" target=\"_blank\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">POD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ceb73a3\" data-id=\"ceb73a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd31d17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dd31d17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"734\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/fotorezystor-1024x940.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55021\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/fotorezystor-1024x940.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/fotorezystor-300x275.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/fotorezystor-768x705.jpg 768w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/fotorezystor-640x587.jpg 640w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/fotorezystor.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fotorezistory<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20f60e2 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"20f60e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/315-fotorezistory\" target=\"_blank\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">POD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b717ea6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b717ea6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f626466 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f626466\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>V\u00fdb\u011br rezistoru<\/h2>\n<p>Praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed vzorce pro v\u00fdpo\u010det v\u00fdkonu se projevuje mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho rezistoru pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed elektrick\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Na jeho z\u00e1klad\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 vypo\u010d\u00edtat, zda je p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fd maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon dan\u00e9ho modelu dostate\u010dn\u00fd pro pot\u0159eby konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho projektu &#8211; v opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed rezistoru, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1stky a cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n<h4>Rezistence<\/h4>\n<p>Odpor rezistoru by m\u011bl b\u00fdt v\u017edy volen s rezervou. Pokud je nap\u0159\u00edklad (po zohledn\u011bn\u00ed tolerance rezistoru a mo\u017en\u00fdch zm\u011bn proudu a nap\u011bt\u00ed zdroje) maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnota pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho odporu rezistoru 114 \u03a9, m\u011bl by b\u00fdt vybr\u00e1n nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed komer\u010dn\u011b dostupn\u00fd rezistor<u> p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed <\/u>tuto hodnotu. V uva\u017eovan\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b to bude s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed rezistor 120 \u03a9.  <\/p>\n<h5><strong>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9!<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 hodnota odporu rezistoru je tak\u00e9 nev\u00fdhodou &#8211; prvek pak &#8220;nep\u0159ed\u00e1&#8221; nap\u00e1jen\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stce dostatek energie, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nefunk\u010dnosti obvodu.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff44583 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ff44583\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5953c16\" data-id=\"5953c16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-846d04c elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"846d04c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=0WQuf_Jnsdc&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a5da31\" data-id=\"2a5da31\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a5c141 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"8a5c141\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=86Z8r_OPW4c&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f03d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"84f03d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Povolen\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/h4>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z parametr\u016f ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch vlastnosti konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho rezistoru je jeho maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fd v\u00fdkon. Spot\u0159eba energie v obvodu by nikdy nem\u011bla p\u0159ekro\u010dit tuto hodnotu! Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd na rezistoru lze vypo\u010d\u00edtat na z\u00e1klad\u011b znalosti maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed na rezistoru a hodnoty jeho odporu. To lze prov\u00e9st pomoc\u00ed vzorce:   <\/p>\n<p><b>Pmax = URmax 2 \/ R<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad odhadujete mno\u017estv\u00ed energie p\u0159ijat\u00e9 rezistorem na 23,5 W, bylo by rozumn\u00e9 zvolit rezistor s m\u00edrn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem &#8211; nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed hodnota bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b 25 W. Hodnota by mohla b\u00fdt vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ale je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee s rostouc\u00edm maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem roste velikost rezistoru a jeho cena.<\/p>\n<h4>Velikost a tvar<\/h4>\n<p>Velikost a tvar rezistoru maj\u00ed jen m\u00e1lo spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s hodnotou jeho odporu &#8211; i drobn\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky, kter\u00e9 jsou pouh\u00fdm okem sotva viditeln\u00e9, mohou vykazovat odpor v \u0159\u00e1du tis\u00edc\u016f ohm\u016f. Tvar a velikost rezistoru naopak souvis\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fdm maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdkonem. S rostouc\u00ed hodnotou se zv\u011bt\u0161uje velikost rezistoru a m\u011bn\u00ed se i jeho tvar. Rezistory s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fdm maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdkonem b\u00fdvaj\u00ed dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed.   <\/p>\n<h4>Tolerance<\/h4>\n<p>Tolerance rezistoru ozna\u010duje rozsah, ve kter\u00e9m se m\u016f\u017ee skute\u010dn\u00fd odpor li\u0161it od odporu deklarovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobcem. Nap\u0159\u00edklad rezistor s jmenovit\u00fdm odporem 100 \u03a9 bude m\u00edt skute\u010dn\u00fd odpor 95 \u03a9 a\u017e 105 \u03a9. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02dda85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02dda85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Druhy (ozna\u010den\u00ed) v\u00fdkonu<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010din\u011b, jako je v\u00fdkon, m\u016f\u017eete narazit na mnoho vzorc\u016f a pojm\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou nezku\u0161en\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka zm\u00e1st. Bu\u010fte v\u0161ak klidn\u00ed &#8211; n\u00ed\u017ee najdete stru\u010dn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed t\u011bch nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch.  <\/p>\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f se jedn\u00e1 o stejnou fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010dinu vyj\u00e1d\u0159enou ve stejn\u00e9 jednotce. Proto je navzdory pou\u017eit\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00edho term\u00ednu v n\u00e1zvu obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 hovo\u0159it o &#8220;druz\u00edch&#8221; v\u00fdkonu: sp\u00ed\u0161e se jedn\u00e1 o r\u016fzn\u00e9 kontexty, v nich\u017e se vyskytuje stejn\u00e1 veli\u010dina. <\/p>\n<h2>Elektrick\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/h2>\n<p>O <em>elektrick\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu<\/em> se nej\u010dast\u011bji hovo\u0159\u00ed v souvislosti s elektrick\u00fdmi spot\u0159ebi\u010di &#8211; je to pr\u00e1ce, kterou elekt\u0159ina vykon\u00e1 za ur\u010ditou dobu. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se proto po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 ze vzorce <strong><em>P = U x I<\/em><\/strong> jako sou\u010din nap\u011bt\u00ed, ke kter\u00e9mu je spot\u0159ebi\u010d p\u0159ipojen, a intenzity elektrick\u00e9ho proudu, kter\u00fd j\u00edm prot\u00e9k\u00e1. <\/p>\n<h2>Jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/h2>\n<p>Jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon (znam\u00e9nkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon) je hodnota v\u00fdkonu, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 dan\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo elektronick\u00fd prvek pracuje spr\u00e1vn\u011b. U rezistoru je jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon roven maxim\u00e1ln\u00edmu povolen\u00e9mu v\u00fdkonu (b\u011bhem nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9ho provozu p\u0159i ur\u010dit\u00e9 teplot\u011b okol\u00ed). U nap\u00e1jec\u00edho zdroje se jedn\u00e1 o maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnotu v\u00fdkonu dod\u00e1van\u00e9ho nap\u00e1jen\u00e9mu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo obvodu (nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b, bez ztr\u00e1ty \u00fa\u010dinnosti a p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00e9 teploty).  <\/p>\n<h2>Okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/h2>\n<p>Okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon ur\u010duje rychlost, jakou je energie dod\u00e1v\u00e1na do z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee ze zdroje (nebo naopak). Jeho hodnota je sou\u010dinem okam\u017eit\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed a okam\u017eit\u00e9ho proudu. Okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon m\u016f\u017ee nab\u00fdvat i z\u00e1porn\u00fdch hodnot &#8211; to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee energie je v dan\u00e9m okam\u017eiku p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ena ze z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee do zdroje.  <\/p>\n<h2>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon<\/h2>\n<p>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon je v\u00fdkon, kter\u00e9ho lze dos\u00e1hnout za optim\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Umo\u017e\u0148uje vykonat nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce (p\u0159edat nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed energie) v co nejkrat\u0161\u00edm \u010dase. Nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b znamenat nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd provoz &#8211; v\u011bt\u0161ina za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je schopna dos\u00e1hnout maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdkonu pouze do\u010dasn\u011b.  <\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hodnota v\u00fdkonu<\/h2>\n<p>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hodnota v\u00fdkonu (pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u00fdkon) nezohled\u0148uje zm\u011bny rychlosti provozu (p\u0159enosu energie) v \u010dase. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se stejnou hodnotou pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu mohou dosahovat r\u016fzn\u00fdch hodnot okam\u017eit\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu nebo r\u016fzn\u00e9ho maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdkonu. <\/p>\n<h2>Jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/h2>\n<p>Jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon je term\u00edn, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k popisu velikosti pulzov\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie mezi prvky elektrick\u00e9ho obvodu se st\u0159\u00eddav\u00fdm proudem. Nep\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje se na tepelnou energii nebo u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon. Jednotkou jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu je var (voltamp\u00e9r reaktance) &#8211; stejn\u011b jako watt je sou\u010dinem voltu a amp\u00e9ru.  <\/p>\n<h2>\u010cinn\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/h2>\n<p>\u010cinn\u00fd v\u00fdkon je v\u00fdkon odeb\u00edran\u00fd ze zdroje z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00fd se p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje na teplo nebo pr\u00e1ci. Ve st\u0159\u00eddav\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech p\u0159edstavuje jednu \u010d\u00e1st, zat\u00edmco ve stejnosm\u011brn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech p\u0159edstavuje \u010dinn\u00fd v\u00fdkon ve\u0161ker\u00fd v\u00fdkon v syst\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n<h2>Zd\u00e1nliv\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/h2>\n<p>Zd\u00e1nliv\u00fd v\u00fdkon je veli\u010dina, kter\u00e1 se vyskytuje v syst\u00e9mech st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9ho proudu. Je to sou\u010din efektivn\u00edch hodnot nap\u011bt\u00ed a proudu. <\/p>\n<h2>Praktick\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed znalost\u00ed o v\u00fdkonu<\/h2>\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch poznatk\u016f jsou i informace o v\u00fdkonu velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 v mnoha oblastech. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b elektronika, automatizace nebo robotika, ale i dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdy a p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 obory. Znalost fungov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonu, schopnost spr\u00e1vn\u011b vypo\u010d\u00edtat jeho hodnotu a pov\u011bdom\u00ed o principech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se t\u00e9to fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010diny v\u00e1m v\u0161ak umo\u017en\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad vybrat \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed spot\u0159ebi\u010de nebo zdroje energie p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 syst\u00e9m\u016fm, kter\u00fdm maj\u00ed slou\u017eit.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eb36b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0eb36b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/robotyka-768x384.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-56382\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/robotyka-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/robotyka-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/robotyka-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/robotyka.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Roboti a mechanika<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a7b1155 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3a7b1155\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/345-roboti\" target=\"_blank\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">POD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31f6605 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31f6605\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Elektronika a robotika<\/h2>\n<p>Znalost vzorce v\u00fdkonu a pov\u011bdom\u00ed o parametrech spojen\u00fdch s touto fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010dinou lze vyu\u017e\u00edt v mnoha situac\u00edch. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se to nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdb\u011bru sou\u010d\u00e1stek pro elektronick\u00e9 obvody (nap\u0159\u00edklad rezistor\u016f nebo tranzistor\u016f), chlazen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (v\u00fdb\u011br chladi\u010d\u016f) nebo v\u00fdb\u011bru vhodn\u00e9ho zdroje energie pro jednotliv\u00e9 projekty. Rozhodneme-li se nap\u0159\u00edklad pro pou\u017eit\u00ed elektromotor\u016f v projektu, je t\u0159eba vhodn\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobit komponenty, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed zdroj nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, jeho parametr\u016fm. Pokud se rozhodnete \u0159\u00eddit motor pomoc\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee bude nutn\u00e9 instalovat vhodn\u00fd mikroprocesor. Implementac\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch algoritm\u016f s pou\u017eit\u00edm vhodn\u00fdch tranzistor\u016f budete moci \u0159\u00eddit okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon motoru.     <\/p>\n<p>Zm\u011bnou hodnot parametr\u016f odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch za p\u0159enos konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch hodnot nap\u011bt\u00ed a proudu sign\u00e1lu nap\u00e1jej\u00edc\u00edho motor m\u016f\u017eete \u00fam\u011brn\u011b m\u011bnit okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti. Je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti nebezpe\u010d\u00ed p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed citliv\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek obvodu &#8211; i mal\u00fd odpor, kter\u00fd se p\u0159eh\u0159eje, m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit po\u0161kozen\u00ed cel\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Aby se tomu p\u0159ede\u0161lo, m\u011bl by b\u00fdt pou\u017eit chladi\u010d (sou\u010d\u00e1stka, kter\u00e1 odv\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159ebyte\u010dnou tepelnou energii z elektronick\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky) s dostate\u010dn\u011b vysokou schopnost\u00ed vyza\u0159ovat teplo. Takov\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1stka se nej\u010dast\u011bji podob\u00e1 miniaturn\u00edmu chladi\u010di a \u010dasto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v elektronick\u00fdch obvodech jako zp\u016fsob, jak zabr\u00e1nit p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1stek.   <\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdb\u011br elektrick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159ebi\u010de zvl\u00e1dnou za stejnou dobu v\u00edce pr\u00e1ce. Nap\u0159\u00edklad rychlovarn\u00e1 konvice o p\u0159\u00edkonu 1000 W je schopna za jednu sekundu vykonat pr\u00e1ci o v\u00fdkonu 1000 J &#8211; to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159ed\u00e1 1000 J energie vod\u011b uvnit\u0159 (bez ohledu na ztr\u00e1ty zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 konstruk\u010dn\u00edmi nedokonalostmi atd.). Sou\u010dasn\u011b 1400 W konvice p\u0159ed\u00e1 1400 J energie, tj. vykon\u00e1 1400 J pr\u00e1ce &#8211; v t\u00e9to konvici se voda uva\u0159\u00ed rychleji, tak\u017ee bude jist\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed volbou pro \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 osoby. Kter\u00fd spot\u0159ebi\u010d je v\u0161ak \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed? Chcete-li to vypo\u010d\u00edtat, p\u0159eve\u010fte vzorec pro v\u00fdpo\u010det v\u00fdkonu <strong><em>P = W \/ t<\/em><\/strong> do vzorce pro v\u00fdpo\u010det mno\u017estv\u00ed spot\u0159ebovan\u00e9 energie: <strong><em>W = P x t<\/em><\/strong>. Pot\u00e9 je t\u0159eba vyn\u00e1sobit v\u00fdkon obou spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f dobou pot\u0159ebnou k uveden\u00ed vody do varu a v\u00fdsledky porovnat.     <\/p>\n<h2>Volba zdroje nap\u00e1jen\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkon zdroje nap\u00e1jen\u00ed m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci elektrick\u00fdch a elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee nejlep\u0161\u00ed je vyb\u00edrat nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkonem, ne\u017e pot\u0159ebujete: nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud m\u00e1 va\u0161e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkon 500 W, m\u011bla by tato hodnota \u010dinit maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 70 % jmenovit\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edkonu zdroje. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b byste si m\u011bli po\u0159\u00eddit nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroj s v\u00fdkonem alespo\u0148 714 watt\u016f &#8211; na trhu byste pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b na\u0161li 720 nebo 750 watt\u016f. Dostate\u010dn\u00e1 &#8220;rezerva&#8221; v\u00fdkonu zajist\u00ed, \u017ee va\u0161e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bude bez probl\u00e9m\u016f nap\u00e1jeno i ve chv\u00edl\u00edch intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho provozu, a zdroj bude ti\u0161\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159i n\u00e1kupu zdroje se vyplat\u00ed v\u011bnovat pozornost tak\u00e9 deklarovan\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti: ta ud\u00e1v\u00e1, jak velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st elekt\u0159iny odebran\u00e9 ze s\u00edt\u011b bude p\u0159enesena do va\u0161eho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad u 500W zdroje s \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed 85 % bude do va\u0161eho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159eneseno 425 W, tedy 425 joul\u016f za sekundu.    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b339c6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b339c6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-db241cf\" data-id=\"db241cf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4a1a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4a1a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dob\u0159e, zkus\u00edm to s touto elektronikou.<br>Super, ale kde m\u00e1m za\u010d\u00edt...?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-351e000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"351e000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Teoretick\u00e9 znalosti nesta\u010d\u00ed &#8211; je t\u0159eba je obohatit prax\u00ed. Ve skute\u010dnosti by m\u011bly j\u00edt ruku v ruce. Jak to ud\u011blat krok za krokem, <b>od \u00fapln\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edka<\/b>? Kdy\u017e je v\u0161e uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1no a vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se dopl\u0148uje, u\u010den\u00ed se nov\u00fdm t\u00e9mat\u016fm se st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dist\u00fdm pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm. <\/p>\n<p>Kurzy a knihy Forbot s online podporou ji\u017e vyzkou\u0161ely tis\u00edce lid\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b s nimi se rod\u00ed nov\u00ed profesion\u00e1lov\u00e9 v oblasti elektroniky.  <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Pod\u00edvejte se k n\u00e1m &#8211; m\u00e1me jich des\u00edtky a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed z\u00e1kladna pro elektroniky, program\u00e1tory a robotiky se neust\u00e1le rozr\u016fst\u00e1! <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a02b7e8\" data-id=\"a02b7e8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13aea13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"13aea13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/kursy-forbot.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-56383\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/kursy-forbot.jpg 540w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/kursy-forbot-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/kursy-forbot-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Knihy a kurzy Forbot<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3813733c elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3813733c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">POD\u00cdVEJTE SE NA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cdccbce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cdccbce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9b46365\" data-id=\"9b46365\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-919996a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"919996a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"k-faq-accord\"><h2>Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed &#8211; \u010casto kladen\u00e9 dotazy<\/h2>\n    <div class=\"tabs\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\">\n        <div class=\"tab\" itemscope=\"\" itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n            <input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"chck1\"><h3>\n                <label class=\"tab-label\" for=\"chck1\" itemprop=\"name\">Co je to v\u00fdkon? <\/label><\/h3>\n            <div class=\"tab-content\" itemscope=\"\" itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                <div itemprop=\"text\">\n<p> V\u00fdkon nen\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e skal\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010dina, kterou lze popsat, p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno ur\u010dit, mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce vykonan\u00e9 za ur\u010ditou \u010dasovou jednotku. V\u00fdkon popisuje mimo jin\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, kterou je mo\u017en\u00e9 vykonat (v\u00fdkon pohonn\u00e9 jednotky, tj. mechanick\u00fd v\u00fdkon). Dal\u0161\u00ed aplikac\u00ed popisovan\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010diny je rychlost vyza\u0159ovan\u00e9 energie (to se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdkonu reproduktor\u016f). Pr\u00e1ce, kterou vykonala elektrick\u00e1 energie (nap\u0159. v\u00fdkon topinkova\u010de), se vyjad\u0159uje v jednotce watt. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b lze v\u00fdkon definovat jako konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed energie, kter\u00e9 bylo p\u0159eneseno mezi vybran\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my za ur\u010ditou dobu. K m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu v elektrick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch se mimo jin\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/228-merici-zarizeni\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje<\/a> v podob\u011b wattmetr\u016f.       <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"tab\" itemscope=\"\" itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n            <input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"chck2\"><h3>\n                <label class=\"tab-label\" for=\"chck2\" itemprop=\"name\">Jak\u00e9 jsou druhy v\u00fdkonu? <\/label><\/h3>\n            <div class=\"tab-content\" itemscope=\"\" itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                <div itemprop=\"text\">\n<p> Druhy (term\u00edny) v\u00fdkonu se v\u011bt\u0161inou vztahuj\u00ed ke stejn\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed jednotce. Pro specifick\u00e9 souvislosti a p\u0159\u00edklady se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 term\u00edny. Elektrick\u00fd v\u00fdkon se v\u011bt\u0161inou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k popisu elektrick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Nen\u00ed to nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e pr\u00e1ce, kterou vykonala elektrick\u00e1 energie za ur\u010ditou dobu. Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det elektrick\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu se v\u011bt\u0161inou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vzorec P = U x I, tj. sou\u010din nap\u011bt\u00ed a proudu. Dal\u0161\u00edmi pojmy pro v\u00fdkon jsou: jmenovit\u00fd (nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed) v\u00fdkon, okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon, jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon, maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon, zpr\u016fm\u011brovan\u00fd v\u00fdkon, zd\u00e1nliv\u00fd v\u00fdkon a \u010dinn\u00fd v\u00fdkon.      <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>        \n        <div class=\"tab\" itemscope=\"\" itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n            <input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"chck3\"><h3>\n                <label class=\"tab-label\" for=\"chck3\" itemprop=\"name\">Na \u010dem z\u00e1vis\u00ed v\u00fdkon? <\/label><\/h3>\n            <div class=\"tab-content\" itemscope=\"\" itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                <div itemprop=\"text\">\n<p> Jak je patrn\u00e9 z encyklopedick\u00e9 definice, v\u00fdkon z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pr\u00e1ci a dob\u011b, ve kter\u00e9 byla tato pr\u00e1ce vykon\u00e1na. M\u00e1me-li dv\u011b stejn\u00e9 soustavy, kter\u00e9 vykonaly stejnou pr\u00e1ci, ale v prvn\u00ed soustav\u011b byl \u010das pot\u0159ebn\u00fd k vykon\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ce dvakr\u00e1t krat\u0161\u00ed, pak je v\u00fdkon prvn\u00ed soustavy dvakr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00fdkon druh\u00e9 soustavy.  <\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>  \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed lekce fyziky s Botlandem. Dnes se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na v\u00fdkon a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed pojmy, kter\u00e9 ho prov\u00e1zej\u00ed.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":60122,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[549],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86076","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kompendium-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>V\u00fdkon (vzorec pro v\u00fdkon rezistoru) - Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed veli\u010diny - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V\u00fdkon je jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch veli\u010din, kter\u00e1 popisuje pr\u00e1ci vykonanou za jednotku \u010dasu. 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