{"id":88556,"date":"2023-01-06T06:00:32","date_gmt":"2023-01-06T05:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/uklad-ne555-wszystko-co-powinienes-wiedziec\/"},"modified":"2024-09-06T10:54:53","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T08:54:53","slug":"obvod-ne555-vse-co-potrebujete-vedet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/obvod-ne555-vse-co-potrebujete-vedet\/","title":{"rendered":"Obvod NE555 – v\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebujete v\u011bd\u011bt"},"content":{"rendered":"\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> 5<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t
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Existuje integrovan\u00fd obvod, kter\u00fd, p\u0159esto\u017ee se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed ji\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed, nezest\u00e1rl a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed je tak \u0161irok\u00e9, \u017ee o n\u011bm bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho knih. Seznamte se s \u010dasova\u010dem NE555! <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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NE555 - \u010dasovac\u00ed obvod a dal\u0161\u00ed!<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek p\u0159edstavuje historii, hardwarovou konstrukci a p\u0159\u00edklady aplikac\u00ed integrovan\u00e9ho obvodu NE555, kter\u00fd se zapsal do historie elektroniky jako miniaturn\u00ed stroj \u010dasu kombinuj\u00edc\u00ed prvky digit\u00e1ln\u00ed a analogov\u00e9 technologie. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casova\u010d NE555 - obecn\u00e1 charakteristika<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u010casova\u010d NE555 je univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed integrovan\u00fd obvod, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu pou\u017eit\u00ed – lze na n\u011bm postavit elektronick\u00e9 obvody, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o hra\u010dky, dom\u00e1c\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 spot\u0159ebi\u010de, motorov\u00e1 vozidla nebo raketopl\u00e1n. Jeho konstrukce umo\u017e\u0148uje pracovat ve t\u0159ech z\u00e1kladn\u00edch re\u017eimech – monostabiln\u00ed gener\u00e1tor, astabiln\u00ed gener\u00e1tor a bistabiln\u00ed flip-flop. Autorem integrovan\u00e9ho obvodu NE555 je \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr Hans Rudolph Camenzind (1934-2012). Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 70. let 20. stol. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 70. let 20. stolet\u00ed m\u011bl vyn\u00e1lezce na z\u00e1klad\u011b smlouvy se spole\u010dnost\u00ed Signetics (nyn\u00ed NXP Semiconductors) vyvinout n\u00e1vrh integrovan\u00e9ho obvodu realizuj\u00edc\u00edho f\u00e1zovou synchroniza\u010dn\u00ed smy\u010dku (PLL). D\u00edky tomu konstrukt\u00e9r z\u00edskal oscil\u00e1tor pro f\u00e1zovou synchroniza\u010dn\u00ed smy\u010dku, jeho\u017e oscila\u010dn\u00ed frekvence nebyla z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na nap\u00e1jec\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00ed a teplot\u011b. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obvod NE555.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bohu\u017eel hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 krize, kter\u00e1 v t\u00e9 dob\u011b panovala, donutila veden\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Signetics propustit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovinu zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, co\u017e vedlo k pozastaven\u00ed projektu. Camenzind v\u0161ak navrhl alternativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00fdm byl v\u00fdvoj univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho \u010dipu na b\u00e1zi oscil\u00e1toru pro smy\u010dku PLL. Proti tomuto projektu se zpo\u010d\u00e1tku postavili ostatn\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i tehdej\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Argumentovali t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dip lze sestavit ze sou\u010d\u00e1stek, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e byly k dispozici v jejich sortimentu. Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed a uveden\u00ed integrovan\u00e9ho obvodu NE555 na trh v roce 1972 bylo nav\u00edc pom\u011brn\u011b riskantn\u00edm krokem nejen kv\u016fli v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 krizi. Netrvalo dlouho a do s\u00e9riov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby vstoupil \u010dip Intel 4004, prvn\u00ed mikroprocesor – programovateln\u00fd \u010dip pro civiln\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed -, kter\u00fd otev\u0159el zcela novou kapitolu v historii elektroniky i v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky. Nakonec marketingov\u00e9 a obchodn\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Signetics Camenzind\u016fv n\u00e1vrh p\u0159ijalo. P\u016fvodn\u00ed prototyp \u010dipu NE555 byl um\u00edst\u011bn v kovov\u00e9m pouzd\u0159e TO-5 s 9 v\u00fdvody, ale ji\u017e po n\u011bkolika dnech ne\u00fanavn\u00fd konstrukt\u00e9r upravil \u010dip tak, aby se ve\u0161el do plastov\u00e9ho pouzdra typu DIL8 – jednodu\u0161e vym\u011bnil vnit\u0159n\u00ed zdroj proudu za rezistor. Nakonec se \u010dip NE555 za\u010dal prod\u00e1vat v pouzdrech TO-5 i DIL8. V roce 1972 tento integrovan\u00fd obvod vyr\u00e1b\u011blo ji\u017e 12 spole\u010dnost\u00ed specializuj\u00edc\u00edch se na hromadnou v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010d\u016f. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casova\u010d NE555 - blokov\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma a v\u00fdvody<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Na obr. 1 ukazuje zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 blokov\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma \u010dasova\u010de 555, v\u010detn\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch blok\u016f, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed obvod.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obr. 1 – zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 blokov\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma \u010dasova\u010de 555: <\/p>\n

Legenda:<\/p>\n

A<\/strong> – vstupn\u00ed odporov\u00fd d\u011bli\u010d 3x 5k\u03a9;<\/p>\n

B<\/strong> – kompar\u00e1tor nap\u011bt\u00ed horn\u00edho vyp\u00ednac\u00edho prahu;<\/p>\n

C <\/strong>– kompar\u00e1tor spodn\u00edho prahov\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed;<\/p>\n

D<\/strong> – flip-flop SET\/RESET;<\/p>\n

E<\/strong> – sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdstup;<\/p>\n

F<\/strong> – vyb\u00edjec\u00ed tranzistor \u010dasovac\u00edho obvodu<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casovac\u00ed obvod NE555<\/a> obsahuje ve sv\u00e9 struktu\u0159e 23 tranzistor\u016f (bipol\u00e1rn\u00edch v proveden\u00ed TTL nebo poln\u00edch v proveden\u00ed CMOS) a tak\u00e9 diody a rezistory. Z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi funk\u010dn\u00edmi prvky \u010dasovac\u00edho obvodu NE555 jsou odporov\u00fd d\u011bli\u010d nap\u011bt\u00ed, kompar\u00e1tory a SR flip-flop. \u00dakolem kompar\u00e1tor\u016f je porovn\u00e1vat nap\u011bt\u00ed na invertuj\u00edc\u00edm a neinvertuj\u00edc\u00edm vstupu. Pokud je nap\u011bt\u00ed na neinvertuj\u00edc\u00edm vstupu kompar\u00e1toru vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nap\u011bt\u00ed na invertuj\u00edc\u00edm vstupu, kompar\u00e1tor vyd\u00e1 na v\u00fdstupu vysok\u00fd stav. Proto\u017ee kompar\u00e1tory maj\u00ed vysok\u00fd vstupn\u00ed odpor, nap\u011bt\u00ed se rozd\u011bl\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u011b na ka\u017ed\u00e9m ze t\u0159\u00ed rezistor\u016f tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00edch vstupn\u00ed d\u011bli\u010d nap\u011bt\u00ed. Naproti tomu SR flip-flop je druh jednobitov\u00e9 pam\u011bti. Kdy\u017e je vstup S ve vysok\u00e9m stavu, v\u00fdstup klopn\u00e9ho obvodu je vysok\u00fd. A naopak, kdy\u017e je vstup R ve vysok\u00e9m stavu, v\u00fdstup klopn\u00e9ho obvodu je v n\u00edzk\u00e9m stavu. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obr. 2 – v\u00fdvody integrovan\u00e9ho obvodu NE555 v pouzd\u0159e typu DIL8<\/p>\n

Na obr. 2 ukazuje sch\u00e9ma v\u00fdvod\u016f integrovan\u00e9ho obvodu NE555 ve standardn\u00edm plastov\u00e9m pouzd\u0159e typu DIL8. Jednotliv\u00e9 v\u00fdvody maj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed funkce: <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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1 – GROUND – uzemn\u011bn\u00ed nap\u00e1jec\u00edho zdroje;<\/p>\n

2 – TRIGGER – p\u0159iveden\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho impulsu z vysok\u00e9ho do n\u00edzk\u00e9ho stavu na tento pin spust\u00ed \u010dasova\u010d;<\/p>\n

OUTPUT – v\u00fdstup impuls\u016f;<\/p>\n

4 – RESET – zkratov\u00e1n\u00edm tohoto pinu na zem (p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00e9m stavu) se obvod resetuje;<\/p>\n

5 – CONTROL VOLTAGE – p\u0159iveden\u00edm extern\u00edho \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed na tento pin m\u016f\u017eeme m\u011bnit prahov\u00e9 hodnoty vyp\u00ednac\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch kompar\u00e1tor\u016f;<\/p>\n

6 – THRESHOLD – kdy\u017e nap\u011bt\u00ed na tomto pinu p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed \u2154 nap\u00e1jec\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed, na pinu 3 se objev\u00ed impulzy;<\/p>\n

7 – DISCHARGE – kolektor (v proveden\u00ed CMOS: drain) tranzistoru, kter\u00fd vyb\u00edj\u00ed \u010dasovac\u00ed obvod;<\/p>\n

8 – POWER SUPPLY (VCC) – nap\u00e1jec\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed (od +5V do +15V vzhledem k potenci\u00e1lu pinu 1)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casova\u010d NE555 jako monostabiln\u00ed gener\u00e1tor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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V re\u017eimu monostabiln\u00edho gener\u00e1toru (obr. 3), kdy je na v\u00fdvod \u010d. 2 p\u0159iveden kr\u00e1tk\u00fd impuls z vysok\u00e9ho stavu do n\u00edzk\u00e9ho stavu zkratov\u00e1n\u00edm S1, generuje \u010dasova\u010d 555 na v\u00fdvodu \u010d. 3 impuls vysok\u00e9ho stavu, jeho\u017e trv\u00e1n\u00ed T z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zvolen\u00fdch hodnot\u00e1ch odporu rezistoru R1 a kondenz\u00e1toru C1 podle vztahu (1.1):<\/p> T = 1,1*R1 * C1 (1,1)

Impuls vysok\u00e9ho stavu se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, kdy\u017e nap\u011bt\u00ed na v\u00fdvodu 6 dos\u00e1hne \u2154 nap\u00e1jec\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed na v\u00fdvodu 8. To je tak\u00e9 okam\u017eik, kdy vnit\u0159n\u00ed tranzistor vybije kondenz\u00e1tor \u010dasovac\u00edho obvodu a\u017e do konce. \u010c\u00edm del\u0161\u00ed je po\u017eadovan\u00e1 doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed impulzu vysok\u00e9ho stavu, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hodnoty prvk\u016f R1 a C1 je t\u0159eba zvolit. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obr. 3 – \u010casova\u010d NE555 jako monostabiln\u00ed gener\u00e1tor<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casova\u010d NE555 jako astabiln\u00ed gener\u00e1tor <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vre\u017eimu astabiln\u00edho gener\u00e1toru (obr\u00e1zek 4) je uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1stek m\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 ne\u017e vmonostabiln\u00edm re\u017eimu. V tomto re\u017eimu jsou v\u00fdvody 2 a 6 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b zkratov\u00e1ny, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u010dasova\u010d 555 bude generovat periodick\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh na v\u00fdvodu 3. Frekvence tohoto pr\u016fb\u011bhu bude z\u00e1viset na zvolen\u00fdch odporech Ra a Rb a kapacit\u011b C podle vztahu (2.1): <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V tomto re\u017eimu m\u016f\u017eeme volbou vhodn\u00fdch hodnot prvk\u016f m\u011bnit tak\u00e9 \u010dinitel pln\u011bn\u00ed tvaru vlny na v\u00fdstupu (v\u00fdvod 3) podle vztahu (2.2):<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Obr. 4 – \u010dasova\u010d NE555 jako gener\u00e1tor astabiln\u00edch hodnot <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casova\u010d NE555 jako bistabiln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u010casova\u010d 555 m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b t\u0159et\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed re\u017eim \u010dinnosti – bistabiln\u00ed flip-flop (obr\u00e1zek 5). V t\u00e9to konfiguraci m\u016f\u017ee obvod na v\u00fdstupu (pin 3) dos\u00e1hnout dvou stabiln\u00edch stav\u016f, tj. n\u00edzk\u00fd nebo vysok\u00fd stav. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je kondenz\u00e1tor \u010dasovac\u00edho obvodu zbyte\u010dn\u00fd. Sta\u010d\u00ed zapojit dva monostabiln\u00ed sp\u00edna\u010de, tj. S1 a S2. Kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 stisknut\u00ed S1 uvede pin 2 do n\u00edzk\u00e9ho stavu a trvale p\u0159eklop\u00ed pin 3 do n\u00edzk\u00e9ho stavu. Naopak kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 stisknut\u00ed tla\u010d\u00edtka S2 p\u0159ivede n\u00edzk\u00fd stav na pin \u010d. 4 a trvale p\u0159eklop\u00ed pin \u010d. 3 do vysok\u00e9ho stavu. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obr. 5 – \u010casova\u010d NE555 jako bistabiln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casova\u010d 555 - kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 funkce<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Jednoduch\u00e1 implementace z\u00e1kladn\u00edch konfigurac\u00ed nen\u00ed jedinou v\u00fdhodou \u010dasova\u010de 555. Za zm\u00ednku stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u0161irok\u00fd rozsah nap\u00e1jec\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed (od +5 V do +15 V) a maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00ed proudov\u00e1 kapacita 200 mA, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje spolupr\u00e1ci s logick\u00fdmi obvody TTL. Zde je t\u0159eba zm\u00ednit, \u017ee v\u00fdvody 2 a 6 jsou vz\u00e1jemn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed z hlediska logick\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed sp\u00ednac\u00edch nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi n\u00edzk\u00fdm a vysok\u00fdm stavem. V\u00fdb\u011brem vhodn\u00fdch extern\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1stek m\u016f\u017eete \u010dasova\u010d 555 nastavit tak, aby v monostabiln\u00edm re\u017eimu pracoval a\u017e n\u011bkolik minut, a maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed frekvence pr\u016fb\u011bhu, kterou jste schopni na v\u00fdstupu v astabiln\u00edm re\u017eimu z\u00edskat, je a\u017e 500 kHz. \u010cinitel pln\u011bn\u00ed lze tak\u00e9 nastavit v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase nahrazen\u00edm rezistoru potenciometrem. P\u0159itom teplotn\u00ed stabilita \u010dipu NE555 se \u0159ad\u00ed k 50 ppm\/\u00b0C. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u010casova\u010d 555 - P\u0159\u00edklady aplikac\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u010casova\u010d 555 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha elektronick\u00fdch projektech ke generov\u00e1n\u00ed impulz\u016f. Nyn\u00ed p\u0159edstav\u00edme n\u011bkter\u00e9 z hlavn\u00edch projekt\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na IC NE555, kter\u00e9 jsou jednoduch\u00e9 a velmi praktick\u00e9. Tyto projekty lze realizovat pomoc\u00ed snadno dostupn\u00fdch diskr\u00e9tn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1stek. <\/p>\n

\u010casova\u010d 555 jako DC\/DC m\u011bni\u010d nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n

Toto zapojen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje pomoc\u00ed principu n\u00e1sobi\u010de nap\u011bt\u00ed vytvo\u0159it nap\u011bt\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 oproti vstupn\u00edmu nap\u011bt\u00ed. Pokud je nap\u0159\u00edklad vstupn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 V DC, lze z\u00edskat v\u00fdstupn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 V DC. Tento n\u00e1vrh na \u010dasova\u010di 555 pracuje v konfiguraci astabiln\u00edho gener\u00e1toru. Kondenz\u00e1tory jsou zapojeny do s\u00e9rie a k jejich nab\u00edjen\u00ed poskytuje \u010dasova\u010d NE555 hodinov\u00e9 impulsy. Nabit\u00e9 kondenz\u00e1tory m\u011bn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se rovn\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvojn\u00e1sobku vstupn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed. V\u00fdstupn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed lze m\u011b\u0159it multimetrem. <\/p>\n

\u010casova\u010d 555 jako gener\u00e1tor akustick\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu pro poplach proti vloup\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n

Tento obvod umo\u017e\u0148uje identifikovat zlod\u011bje, kter\u00fd rozbije okenn\u00ed sklo, spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm alarmu. Konstrukce zalo\u017een\u00e1 na \u010dasov\u00e9m \u010dipu 555 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Kdy\u017e dojde k rozbit\u00ed smy\u010dky, \u010dip aktivuje bzu\u010d\u00e1k, kter\u00fd upozorn\u00ed na vloup\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n

\u010casova\u010d 555 jako dotykov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d elektrick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee<\/h3>\n\n\n

C\u00edlem tohoto projektu je kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 regulace z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee pomoc\u00ed dotykov\u00e9ho sp\u00edna\u010de a \u010dasova\u010de 555. \u010casova\u010d zde pracuje v monostabiln\u00edm re\u017eimu a je aktivov\u00e1n dotykovou deskou p\u0159ipojenou k jej\u00edmu pinu \u010d. 2. V\u00fdvod \u010d. 3 \u010dipu NE555 poskytuje vysok\u00fd logick\u00fd stav po pevn\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd interval, kter\u00fd je ur\u010den \u010dasovou konstantou RC. Vysok\u00fd stav na v\u00fdstupu zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee rel\u00e9 sepne z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou dobu, pot\u00e9 se automaticky vypne. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Existuje integrovan\u00fd obvod, kter\u00fd, p\u0159esto\u017ee se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed ji\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed, nezest\u00e1rl a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed je tak \u0161irok\u00e9, \u017ee o n\u011bm bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho knih – seznamte se s \u010dasova\u010dem NE555!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":63172,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[560],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-poradenstvi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nObvod NE555 - v\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebujete v\u011bd\u011bt - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u010casova\u010d 555 je jedn\u00edm z nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch integrovan\u00fdch obvod\u016f v historii elektroniky! 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