{"id":93393,"date":"2022-02-18T08:00:40","date_gmt":"2022-02-18T07:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/jakie-rodzaje-zmiennych-w-arduino-mamy\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T15:14:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T13:14:21","slug":"jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch m\u00e1me v Arduino k dispozici?"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u010cas \u010dten\u00ed:<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 5<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"93393\" class=\"elementor elementor-93393 elementor-32003\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-011df04 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"011df04\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c52aec\" data-id=\"5c52aec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40b3418 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40b3418\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prom\u011bnn\u00e9 v Arduino<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-acb2ae6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"acb2ae6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d277b07\" data-id=\"d277b07\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a92e42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8a92e42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u0159i programov\u00e1n\u00ed je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd typ deklarovan\u00fdch prom\u011bnn\u00fdch. Rozhoduje o spr\u00e1vnosti k\u00f3du, stejn\u011b jako o mo\u017enostech dan\u00e9 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 a nap\u0159\u00edklad o p\u0159esnosti v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f v programu, kter\u00fd p\u00ed\u0161eme. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek p\u0159edstavuje typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 p\u0159i programov\u00e1n\u00ed v prost\u0159ed\u00ed Arduino IDE.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e60d55f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e60d55f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-839e15d\" data-id=\"839e15d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d2a76c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d2a76c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 programov\u00e1n\u00ed s prom\u011bnn\u00fdmi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ef67b3b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ef67b3b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e28fa59\" data-id=\"e28fa59\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ece4e7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ece4e7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, v\u010detn\u011b miniaturn\u00edch prototypovac\u00edch platforem, jako je nap\u0159. Arduino, prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty a logick\u00e9 operace pomoc\u00ed procesoru. Srdcem procesoru a mikrokontrol\u00e9ru je aritmeticko-logick\u00e1 jednotka (ALU), kter\u00e1 <b>prov\u00e1d\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 operace s m\u00edsty v pam\u011bti<\/b>, jako je s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed, od\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a logick\u00fd sou\u010din. Aritmeticko-logick\u00e1 jednotka nerozpozn\u00e1, co tato data p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed, a to ani p\u0159es znalosti konstrukt\u00e9ra nebo c\u00edlov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele. Data, kter\u00e1 podl\u00e9haj\u00ed aritmeticko-logick\u00fdm operac\u00edm, jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f s<b> celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdmi i plovouc\u00edmi \u010d\u00edsly.<\/b>    <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f220ba9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f220ba9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c558907\" data-id=\"c558907\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a5bcbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7a5bcbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/piqsels.com-id-svhda-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-57595\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/piqsels.com-id-svhda-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/piqsels.com-id-svhda-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/piqsels.com-id-svhda-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/piqsels.com-id-svhda-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/piqsels.com-id-svhda-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0a3bc1a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0a3bc1a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f62f8be\" data-id=\"f62f8be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fc4325 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8fc4325\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Ve\u0161ker\u00fd kontext pro tyto operace poch\u00e1z\u00ed z p\u0159eklada\u010de<\/b><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Ve\u0161ker\u00fd kontext pro tyto operace poch\u00e1z\u00ed z p\u0159eklada\u010de , p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e kontextov\u00e9 n\u00e1pov\u011bdy p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do p\u0159eklada\u010de od u\u017eivatele. \u00dakolem program\u00e1tora je naopak \u0159\u00edci p\u0159eklada\u010di, kter\u00e1 z hodnot p\u0159evzat\u00fdch pro v\u00fdpo\u010dty je cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo a kter\u00e1 \u010d\u00edslo s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou. P\u0159eklada\u010d tedy mus\u00ed pochopit, co m\u00e1me na mysli, kdy\u017e chceme nap\u0159\u00edklad se\u010d\u00edst dv\u011b \u010d\u00edsla &#8211; jedno cel\u00e9 a druh\u00e9 s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se jedn\u00e1 o jednoduchou operaci, zat\u00edmco v jin\u00fdch nikoli. Tento zd\u00e1nliv\u011b jednoduch\u00fd proces, je     <\/span><b style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t<\/b><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">, zejm\u00e9na pokud se na n\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1me prizmatem prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo \u010dlov\u011bkem na kus pap\u00edru nebo do pam\u011bti. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f do programu,  <\/span><b style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">je nutn\u00e9 zadat typ prom\u011bnn\u00e9<\/b><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"> p\u0159i\u0159azenou tomuto argumentu.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1096095 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1096095\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f89ab8c\" data-id=\"f89ab8c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-866c6a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"866c6a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Arduino - typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-adb2dbf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"adb2dbf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ef60e98\" data-id=\"ef60e98\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aed3335 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aed3335\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch <b>slou\u017e\u00ed k identifikaci datov\u00fdch typ\u016f<\/b> a s nimi spojen\u00fdch funkc\u00ed pro pr\u00e1ci s daty. Jejich specifikace slou\u017e\u00ed k deklaraci funkc\u00ed a prom\u011bnn\u00fdch, kter\u00e9 definuj\u00ed bitov\u00fd vzor a pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fd prostor. <\/p>\n<p>V programovac\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed Arduino IDE se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch, kter\u00e9 si probereme na p\u0159\u00edkladech:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>void<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>int<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>char<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>float<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>double<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>unsigned int<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>short<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>long<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>unsigned long<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>byte<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>word<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-378942c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"378942c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b1134a5\" data-id=\"b1134a5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e90e624 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e90e624\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ void<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98c5f0d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98c5f0d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc380d7\" data-id=\"cc380d7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d007cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d007cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Datov\u00fd typ <i>void <\/i>ur\u010duje <b>pr\u00e1zdnou mno\u017einu hodnot<\/b> a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se pouze k deklaraci funkc\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se jako n\u00e1vratov\u00fd typ pro funkce, kter\u00e9 nevracej\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou hodnotu. Uva\u017eujme n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3d:  <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>int a = 5;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>void setup( )  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>{  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>.   \/\/  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>}  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>void loop ( )      <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>{  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>.  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>.  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>}  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4193007 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4193007\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f2d1b0\" data-id=\"4f2d1b0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46a7afd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"46a7afd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ int<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a66cb17 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a66cb17\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7632272\" data-id=\"7632272\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e1af97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e1af97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Datov\u00fd typ <i>int<\/i> <b>zahrnuje cel\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla,<\/b> nap\u0159\u00edklad 1, 27, 39, -11, -27, -46 atd. <b>Nemaj\u00ed zlomkovou \u010d\u00e1st<\/b> (mantisu). Datov\u00fd typ integer, je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za prim\u00e1rn\u00ed datov\u00fd typ pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00edsel. Datov\u00e1 velikost typu <i>int<\/i> je dva bajty (16 bit\u016f). Datov\u00fd rozsah typu <i>int<\/i> zahrnuje \u010d\u00edsla mezi -32768 a 32767 nebo v mocninn\u00e9m z\u00e1pisu mezi -(2<sup>15<\/sup>) a ((2<sup>15<\/sup>) &#8211; 1).    <\/p>\n<p>V mikrokontrol\u00e9rech AVR ATmega a desce <a href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/zakladni-rada-arduino-originalni-desky\/1060-arduino-uno-rev3-a000066-7630049200050.html\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">Arduino UNO R3<\/a> ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 datov\u00fd typ <i>int<\/i> hodnoty o velikosti a\u017e dvou bajt\u016f. Naproti tomu na desk\u00e1ch<a href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/zakladni-rada-arduino-originalni-desky\/20289-arduino-zero-abx00003-7630049200586.html\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"> Arduino Zero<\/a> a Arduino MKR1000 zalo\u017een\u00fdch na mikrokontrol\u00e9ru SAMD21 a Arduino Due ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 datov\u00fd typ int hodnoty od 4 do 32 bit\u016f. Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rozsah je tedy od -(2<sup>31<\/sup>) do ((2<sup>31<\/sup>)-1) nebo, jinak \u0159e\u010deno, od -2147483648 do 2147483647. Z\u00e1porn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed jako mocniny 2 s p\u0159irozen\u00fdm exponentem. Hodnota nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho bitu (MSB) ur\u010duje znam\u00e9nko \u010d\u00edsla. Uva\u017eujme n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3d:     <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>int var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad,<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>int a;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>int b = 4;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Jak\u00e1koli <b>prom\u011bnn\u00e1 nebo identifik\u00e1tor prom\u011bnn\u00e9 se st\u00e1v\u00e1 celo\u010d\u00edselnou prom\u011bnnou<\/b> a m\u016f\u017ee uchov\u00e1vat <b>pouze cel\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla<\/b>. Vezm\u011bme si n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3d: <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>int Suma = 0;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>void setup( )  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>{  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>Serial.begin(9600);  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>}  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>void loop ( )  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>{  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>Suma++;  \/\/przy kazdym okrazeniu petli, suma jest zwiekszana o 1<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>Serial.println (Suma);  \/\/wyswietlanie obecnego wyniku sumy <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>delay(2000);  \/\/nastepne okrazenie petli za 2s<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>}  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9520e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c9520e7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1dc2c2\" data-id=\"d1dc2c2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1ef631 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d1ef631\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ char<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-720a465 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"720a465\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9dc3fc7\" data-id=\"9dc3fc7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef07b32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef07b32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Datov\u00fd typ <i>char<\/i> <b>m\u016f\u017ee uchov\u00e1vat libovoln\u00fd po\u010det znakov\u00fdch sad<\/b>. Identifik\u00e1tor deklarovan\u00fd jako <i>char<\/i> <b>se st\u00e1v\u00e1 znakovou prom\u011bnnou<\/b>. Liter\u00e1ly char se zapisuj\u00ed v jednoduch\u00fdch uvozovk\u00e1ch. O typu <i>char<\/i> se \u010dasto \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee je celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdm typem. Je to proto, \u017ee symboly, p\u00edsmena atd. jsou v pam\u011bti reprezentov\u00e1ny p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdmi k\u00f3dy a jsou pouze celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9. Velikost datov\u00e9ho typu char je minim\u00e1ln\u011b osm bit\u016f. Pro datov\u00fd typ jako <i>unsigned char<\/i> s d\u00e9lkou osmi bit\u016f nebo jednoho bajtu m\u016f\u017eeme pou\u017e\u00edt datov\u00fd typ <i>byte<\/i>. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u00edsmenu &#8220;A&#8221; je podle k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed ASCII p\u0159i\u0159azena \u010d\u00edseln\u00e1 hodnota 65. Pokud tedy zad\u00e1me v\u00fdraz &#8220;A&#8221; + 2, bude m\u00edt podle standardu ASCII hodnotu 67. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee zad\u00e1me p\u00edsmeno &#8220;A&#8221; + 2, bude m\u00edt hodnotu 67. Uva\u017eujme k\u00f3d:        <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>char var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9<\/p>\n<p>Vezm\u011bte si k\u00f3d:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>char mojazmienna = ' B ';  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>char mojazmienna = 66 ;  \/\/ obie wartosci sa rowne sobie  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e521bdd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e521bdd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-290b724\" data-id=\"290b724\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c9aeef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c9aeef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ float<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d17233 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d17233\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd09c39\" data-id=\"bd09c39\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cce3b2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cce3b2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u010c\u00edslo, kter\u00e9 <b>obsahuje zlomkovou a celo\u010d\u00edselnou \u010d\u00e1st<\/b>, se pova\u017euje za \u010d\u00edslo s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou. Nap\u0159\u00edklad 3,142 je \u010d\u00edslo s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou. \u010c\u00edslo 14 je cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo a 14,0 je \u010d\u00edslo s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou. Z d\u016fvodu vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho rozli\u0161en\u00ed se zlomkov\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k aproximaci spojit\u00fdch a analogov\u00fdch hodnot (nap\u0159. p\u0159i m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ADC zabudovan\u00e9ho v mikrokontrol\u00e9ru). \u010c\u00edsla s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou lze zapsat tak\u00e9 ve tvaru exponentu. \u010c\u00edsla mohou b\u00fdt velk\u00e1 a\u017e 3,4028235E+38 a mal\u00e1 a\u017e -3,4028235E+38. Velikost datov\u00e9ho typu <i>float<\/i> je tedy 4 bajty nebo 32 bit\u016f.      <\/p>\n<p>Vezm\u011bte si k\u00f3d:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>float var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n<p>Vezm\u011bte si k\u00f3d:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>int x ;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>int y ;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>float z ;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>void setup ( )  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>{  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>Serial.begin (9600);  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>}  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>void loop ( )  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>{  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>x = 3 ;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>y = x\/2 ;  \/\/ y jest zmienna typu int i nie moze przechowywac ulamkow wiec zwroci 1  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>z = (float) x \/ 2.0 ;  \/\/ z przechowuje wartosc 1.5 bo jest typu float  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>\/\/ to oznacza, ze musimy uzyc dzielenia przez 2.0 zamiat 2<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>}<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho k\u00f3du je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee i kdy\u017e pro v\u00fdpo\u010dty s plovouc\u00ed desetinnou \u010d\u00e1rkou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me cel\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla, <b>m\u011bli bychom za n\u011b doplnit desetinnou te\u010dku a nulu<\/b>. Jinak p\u0159eklada\u010d pochop\u00ed, \u017ee jsme pou\u017eili cel\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla, a vr\u00e1t\u00ed celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 hodnoty. \u010c\u00edsla s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou <b>lze tak\u00e9 p\u0159ev\u00e9st<\/b> na celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fd tvar. Uva\u017eujme k\u00f3d:   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>float a =4.7 ;  <\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>int b = a + 0.5 ; \/\/ program zwraca wartosc 5 <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e6fdbe1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e6fdbe1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81570b5\" data-id=\"81570b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f19d9cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f19d9cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ double<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a7713e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a7713e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9e0ae9\" data-id=\"b9e0ae9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1827db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1827db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Datov\u00fd typ <i>double<\/i> se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pro pr\u00e1ci s desetinn\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edsly nebo \u010d\u00edsly s pohyblivou \u0159\u00e1dovou \u010d\u00e1rkou. <b>Zab\u00edr\u00e1 dvakr\u00e1t v\u00edce pam\u011bti<\/b> ne\u017e typ <i>float<\/i>. Ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla s plovouc\u00ed desetinnou \u010d\u00e1rkou <b>s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost\u00ed a rozsahem<\/b>. Typ <i>double<\/i> ozna\u010duje \u010d\u00edsla s plovouc\u00ed desetinnou \u010d\u00e1rkou s dvojn\u00e1sobnou p\u0159esnost\u00ed a zab\u00edr\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159i bajty na desk\u00e1ch ATmega a UNO a 8 bajt\u016f na desk\u00e1ch Arduino Due. Uva\u017eujme k\u00f3d:   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>double var = val;<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-635c5e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"635c5e7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c33090\" data-id=\"1c33090\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71d2ecb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"71d2ecb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ unsigned int<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a9e3245 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a9e3245\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5d11ae0\" data-id=\"5d11ae0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7752d75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7752d75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Typ <i>unsigned int<\/i> uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 hodnotu a\u017e dvou bajt\u016f nebo 16 bit\u016f. Ukl\u00e1d\u00e1<b> pouze kladn\u00e9 hodnoty<\/b>. Rozsah datov\u00e9ho typu <i>unsigned int<\/i> je 0 a\u017e 65 535 nebo 0 a\u017e ((2<sup>16<\/sup>) &#8211; 1). Arduino Due ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 datovou hodnotu typu unsigned o velikosti 4 bajt\u016f nebo 32 bit\u016f. Rozd\u00edl mezi datov\u00fdm typem unsigned a signed je ve znam\u00e9nkov\u00e9m bitu. V 16bitov\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle je 15 bit\u016f interpretov\u00e1no s dopl\u0148kem dva, zat\u00edmco <b>nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bit je interpretov\u00e1n jako kladn\u00e9 nebo z\u00e1porn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/b>. Pokud je star\u0161\u00ed bit &#8220;1&#8221;, je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za z\u00e1porn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. Uva\u017eujme k\u00f3d:       <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>unsigned int var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>unsigned int pinLED = 3;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8593b9b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8593b9b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4d27a2\" data-id=\"e4d27a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ce03a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4ce03a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ short<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-37795fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"37795fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a9fb9ba\" data-id=\"a9fb9ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d96ef6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d96ef6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p> <i> Short<\/i> je celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fd datov\u00fd typ, kter\u00fd <b>uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 dva bajty nebo 16-bitov\u00e1 data<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Rozsah prom\u011bnn\u00e9 typu <i>short<\/i> je -32768 a\u017e 32767 nebo -(2<sup>15)<\/sup> a\u017e ((2<sup>15<\/sup>) &#8211; 1). Arduino zalo\u017een\u00e9 na mikrokontrol\u00e9rech ARM a ATmega obvykle ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 datovou hodnotu typu <i>short<\/i> na dva bajty. Uva\u017eujme k\u00f3d:  <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>short var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>short pinLED = 3;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-13b8f40 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"13b8f40\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bc6ed1\" data-id=\"5bc6ed1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0b16ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d0b16ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ long<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf7d496 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf7d496\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-09b5d8c\" data-id=\"09b5d8c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e03954 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e03954\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Datov\u00fd typ <i>long<\/i> je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za <b>prom\u011bnn\u00e9 s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou velikost\u00ed<\/b>, kter\u00e9 uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i bajty (32 bit\u016f). Datov\u00e1 velikost typu <i>long <\/i>se pohybuje od -2147483648 do 2147483647. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed cel\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel by alespo\u0148 za jedn\u00edm z nich m\u011blo n\u00e1sledovat p\u00edsmeno L, kter\u00e9 vynut\u00ed, aby \u010d\u00edslo bylo datov\u00e9ho typu <i>long<\/i>. Vezm\u011bme v \u00favahu k\u00f3d:   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>long var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>long speed = 186000L;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-19d19b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"19d19b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb2f851\" data-id=\"eb2f851\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0be5268 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0be5268\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ Unsigned long<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5853128 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5853128\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fbbe235\" data-id=\"fbbe235\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dd7631 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2dd7631\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Datov\u00e9 typy <i>unsigned long<\/i> jsou tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za <b>prom\u011bnn\u00e9 s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou velikost\u00ed<\/b>, kter\u00e9 uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed 4 bajty (32 bit\u016f).Tento typ v\u0161ak <b>neukl\u00e1d\u00e1 z\u00e1porn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla<\/b> jako ostatn\u00ed datov\u00e9 typy unsigned, tak\u017ee jejich velikost se pohybuje od 0 do 4 294 967 295 neboli (2^32 &#8211; 1). Uva\u017eujme k\u00f3d: <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>unsigned long var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>unsigned long czas;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94e749c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"94e749c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbec460\" data-id=\"bbec460\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-139a77c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"139a77c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ byte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f4ebe65 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f4ebe65\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc71105\" data-id=\"cc71105\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e28e1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e28e1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p> <i> Byte <\/i>je typ dat <i>unsigned<\/i>, kter\u00fd <b>uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 hodnoty v rozmez\u00ed 0 a\u017e 255<\/b>. <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Vezm\u011bme si tento k\u00f3d<\/span>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<pre>byte var = val;<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>byte x = 22;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e180074 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e180074\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2306c33\" data-id=\"2306c33\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-303c90a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"303c90a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Typ word<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8415834 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8415834\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c1a718e\" data-id=\"c1a718e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d8462e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d8462e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Typ <i>word<\/i> ozna\u010duje <b>nez\u00e1porn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla rozlo\u017een\u00e1 do \u0161estn\u00e1cti bit\u016f nebo dvou byt\u016f<\/b> a pohybuje se v rozmez\u00ed 0 a\u017e 65535. Uva\u017eujme k\u00f3d: <\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>word var = val;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kde:<\/p>\n<p>var = prom\u011bnn\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>val = hodnota p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e1 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 var<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>word d = 5000;  <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prom\u011bnn\u00e9 jsou v programov\u00e1n\u00ed jedny z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed k\u00f3d programu. To plat\u00ed i pro programov\u00e1n\u00ed na platform\u011b Arduino. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":62697,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[555,557],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arduino-cs","category-zajimavosti"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jak\u00e9 typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch m\u00e1me v Arduino k dispozici? - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Prom\u011bnn\u00e9 jsou kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed k\u00f3du t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho programu na Arduino - nav\u0161tivte Botland blog, kde se dozv\u00edte, jak se prom\u011bnn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i programov\u00e1n\u00ed v prost\u0159ed\u00ed Arduino IDE!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak\u00e9 typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch m\u00e1me v Arduino k dispozici? - Botland\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prom\u011bnn\u00e9 jsou kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed k\u00f3du t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho programu na Arduino - nav\u0161tivte Botland blog, kde se dozv\u00edte, jak se prom\u011bnn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i programov\u00e1n\u00ed v prost\u0159ed\u00ed Arduino IDE!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Botland\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/Botland\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-02-18T07:00:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-24T13:14:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/botland.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/new2023-code.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1510\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"755\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Maciej Figiel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napsal(a)\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maciej Figiel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.cz\\\/blog\\\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.cz\\\/blog\\\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Maciej Figiel\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.de\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a8e66118d1f27ebf9f540831e5a3283b\"},\"headline\":\"Jak\u00e9 typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch m\u00e1me v Arduino k dispozici?\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-02-18T07:00:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-24T13:14:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.cz\\\/blog\\\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1551,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.de\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.cz\\\/blog\\\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.cz\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/new2023-code.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Arduino\",\"Zaj\u00edmavosti\"],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.cz\\\/blog\\\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/botland.cz\\\/blog\\\/jake-typy-promennych-mame-v-arduino-k-dispozici\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jak\u00e9 typy prom\u011bnn\u00fdch m\u00e1me v Arduino k dispozici? 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